Soviet threat to NATO during the 60's

Hey guys,

I know all about the Tomcat being the “ultimate” bomber stopper, but prior to the introduction of the F-14 (as the title suggests I’m looking at the sixties more than anything) could NATO (not just the US) defend it’s naval task forces against such aircraft as the Blinder, Badger and Bear and their missile payload?
What was the longest-ranged and most potent missile in the Soviet inventory at the time to be used against NATO battlegroups?
Could NATO carriers repel a mass attack from the air against it’s forces operating close to the Soviet coast such as in the North Sea?

I say NATO because all too often we focus on US carriers and their battlegroups and seem to forget other NATO members would be operating carriers and deploying battlegroups to any conflict.
Was the F-4 a suitable defence against Soviet bombers that would be coming in from Europe and the Eastern Soviet Union?
Could NATO really protect all of it’s ships at sea with the naval and lands based fighters and the ships defences themselves?