February 18, 2004 at 9:22 am
http://www.strategypage.com//fyeo/howtomak…get=HTNAVAI.HTM
NAVAL AVIATION: Chinese Aircraft Carriers
February 13, 2004: China is reported to be building, with the assistance of Russia, three aircraft carriers. Called Project 9935, the ships are probably based on a Russian Nevskoye Design Bureau design contracted for in 1994. An article published in China says that the final design decision was made by Hudong Shipyard, Shanghai in 1999. The ship is thought to be a modified Russian Admiral Ghorshkov carrier ¡°to Chinese specifications.¡± The ship is scaled up only about 6 percent.
Significant changes are the mounting of all point defenses and associated fire control systems, the mounting of a steam catapult on the angled flight deck, and modification/updating of the electronic suite. The Chinese article says that formal authorization to build a carrier was made in 1992. This apparently refers to legislation passed in that year which authorized ¡°two aircraft carriers.¡± Three covered graving docks were constructed at Shangahi and eyewitness reports indicate all three now have carriers building in them. Another source says the lead ship launched in 2002 and was expected to complete about 2004. The Chinese article says the lead ship should ¡°commission¡± in 2006 and that a ¡°battle group¡± should form ¡°by 2010.¡± These appear to be very conservative dates. Evidence strongly suggests that these ships are intended to be a technical surprise in several senses, including initial operating dates. The 2006 date is more realistic for the first carrier group. All three ships could be operational with battle groups by 2008-2010. The Chinese article says that maintenance facilities have been built at Shanghai, Dailan and Zhejiang. From this, and PLAN (Peoples Liberation Army Navy) organization, it appears each fleet will be allocated a single carrier.
The operational concept of these aircraft carriers differs from that of other nations. Aircraft carriers are not seen as the ¡°core¡± of the fleet. Rather submarines are. Instead, carriers have a primary fleet defense mission: to provide air and anti-submarine defense for surface forces, especially amphibious flotillas and logistic convoys. There is a significant secondary offensive strike mission, indicated by the mounting of SSMs and also inherent in the ability of fighter-bombers to carry offensive weapons. However, it appears that the carriers are not intended for distant power projection operations in the sense US CVNs are. Designed to operate near PLAN bases, they are to be offshore aviation platforms for a mainly land based naval air force. This may mean the aviation staying power of these ships is much greater than would normally be expected if they operated dedicated air groups. Further, in the absence of the need to buy aircraft and train crews for them, the unit cost of the carriers is lower than otherwise would be the case, while the cost of lost maintenance assets is also less, should a carrier be sunk. This is an imaginative, but very reasonable, application of naval air power to the essentially regional requirements of the PLAN.
General Characteristics:
Full Load Displacement: 48,000 tons (stated)
Standard Displacement: 44,700 tons (estimated from Orel data)
Light Displacement: 35,000 tons (estimated from Orel data)
Maximum Displacement: 52,750 tons (estimated from Orel data)
Overall Dimensions: 288x71x9 meters (calculated from Gorshkov data)
Waterline Dimensions: 254x33x9 meters (calculated from Gorshkov data)
Flight Deck Dimensions: 288×67.5 meters (calculated from Gorshkov data)
Angled Flight Deck Dimensions: 220 meters long (standard length); 6.5 degree angle
Hanger Dimensions: 144×68 meters = about 9,800 sq. meters (estimated from Orel data)
Draft: 9 meters nominal, 10 meters maximum (same for all classes in design series)
Full Speed: 28 knots (stated; confirmed by calculation from Gorshkov data)
Machinery: Type: Geared Steam Turbines driving 4 shafts (same for all classes in series)
Machinery: Turbines: 4xRussian TU-12 55,000 hp maximum (49,750 hp sustained)
Machinery: Boilers: 8xRussian KVG-4 turbopressurized (640 kg/cm sq., 500 deg. C)
Machinery: Total SHP: 220,000 hp maximum (199,000 hp sustained)
Ski Jump: 15 degrees, 2 runs of 105 meters and 1 run of 170 meters (estimated from Orel
data and from model of class)
Arrester gear: 3 wire, 14 meter spacing
Catapult: 1 (on angled deck) about 85 meters long of about 30 tons capacity (estimated
from model of class and maximum weight of Su-27 aircraft family)
Hanger Capacity: 30 Su-27 class aircraft (stated to be ¡°30-40¡± but calculated lower from
hanger deck dimension estimate and aircraft data) Note 1
Air Group: 30-40 (stated) See Section III [No evidence of dedicated air groups forming]
Anti-Shipping SSM: 8xUnknown. (stated) Probably YJ-12. Possibly C-803 in lead unit.
Point Defense SAM: 8xLY-60N (Aspede) mountings, 24 missiles each (2 per quarter)
Point Defense Guns: 12xType 69 Twin Gatling Guns (3 per quarter, 5 km range)
Early Warning Radar: Russian Top Pair 3D MR-800 Voskhod
Air Search Radar: Russian Top Plate 3D (dual radar antenna, back to back) D/E band
Surface Search/Air Search Radar: Type 363 E/F band
Surface Search Radar: Type 364 (ESR 1) I band; Navigation: 2xDecca 1290 I band
Aircraft Control Radar: 2xFly Trap B G/H band; Tacan: Cake Stand
Target Acquisition Radar: 2xRussian MR 700 Frecat
Fire Control Radar (Missile): 4xChinese LL-1
Fire Control Radar (Gun): 4xChinese GDG-775 (radar/tv/laser/ir) directors
Passive ECM/ESM: Type 826 plus 2 PJ-46 decoy launchers and 8 Chaff launchers
Laser Warning: 6xHalf Cup
Active ECM: Type 984 I band jammer; Type 985 E/F band jammer
SATCOM: Thomson CSF Tavitac
Sonar: DUBV-23 (hull mounted search and attack, medium frequency) (PLAN standard)
Note 1: The hanger has four tracks for moving aircraft (same for all classes in series)[list]
I dont know how reliable the source is, so there you go…3 ACs by 2k8-10, setting up the scene to become superpower by 2020 😉 goodluck
By: edisonone - 28th February 2006 at 17:23
Okay, continuing to bite my tongue. Further illustrations of the pointlessness of this. Get
Yes, get over it indeed… We need to get
over the “tinted glasses people have of others”… It has to start
somewhere and where better than rickusn :p …
.
By: edisonone - 28th February 2006 at 17:14
Actually Edisonone you are the one who started with the gratutitous insults.
Evidence?! Evidence please?! Please please please :p ?!!!
Anyway, by shufflling “that blame card around” won’t help you
salvage the damage you’ve already done to yourself and to your charactor :p . After all,
you were the one that came out with THAT SILLINESS. Not me!
(Maybe this will serve as a learning experience to one and
all that insults and uncool languages is not the way to go because, if
used indiscriminately – silly outburses can back fire on you.)
While at the same time making outlandish false statements .
Again, evidence please! Or, at the very least clairifications as
to the term, or the word, “outlandish” and what you mean by that. I mean
what did I say which was so “outlandish” that it would cause people to resorts
to “violence almost” to try and get their messages across :p ???
I’m baffled! I’m scratching me head here… I’m at a lost for words… :p…
When asked for any factual
documentation to back those statements up your the
one who got angry and still are.
Wow!!! I got angry because you asked for facts?
How did you ever arrived at such a notion? I mean in what way did I
blow my cool so to speak? Or, could it maybe simply be that I wasn’t speaking your
language and you weren’t too pleased with it?
Facts: Even SOC acknowledged the conspiracy theory (Yes! I said
acknowledged. I didn’t say he was in agreement with it. And yes, it was
but only a theory and theories gets debated and not taken up with bitterness.)
and he added his two cents to it. He sure as the heck didn’t revert to
insults and harsh languages as you did to try to get his point across.
Now that is the difference between a person who commands
respect (SOC’s way) and someone who don’t even know what he or she
is doing (Oh well… You know what I’m refering here I’m sure).
I mean honestly, have you even just for once mentioned that there indeed
is a conspiracy theory around and that I wasn’t the one that created it? No! Not even
once. All I got was was harsh words packed with bitterness and rejection.
The very bottom line and please admit it: It’s only alright for
you to throw all kinds of a acusation Beijing’s way. But, if it’s the other way around,
it’s like the end of the world to you isn’t it? Now why is that?
.
By: danrh - 28th February 2006 at 09:10
Okay, continuing to bite my tongue. Further illustrations of the pointlessness of this. Get over it. Personally I find any genuine news on the PLAN interesting hence why I keep coming by here. Still if this goes on much longer my wife is going to come looking for whoever is responsible for that missing half inch.
Daniel
By: rickusn - 28th February 2006 at 04:24
Actually Edisonone you are the one who started with the gratutitous insults.
While at the same time making outlandish false statements .
When asked for any factual documentation to back those statements up your the one who got angry and still are.
Dont dish if you cant take would be my advice.
By: edisonone - 28th February 2006 at 03:52
This still has nothing to do with Chinese carriers people. Perhaps a little moderator action called for. Lock the thread for a few days and let it settle. The whole China/Taiwan thing has been done more time than I care to remember, no one will be changing their opinions based on what goes on here.
Daniel
Blame it on losers (shameless and inconsiderate Islanders)
who wanted their idiotic plights be heard — in the international arena (AFM) :p
instead of doing it like grown ups at their very own back yards…
By: edisonone - 28th February 2006 at 03:43
LOL you get goofier and goofier by the second.
Mr. rickusn,
Is that how you solve a problems :p? By insulting people, “at will,”
if you can’t get your way? Hey! I agree that that indeed is one way of
getting around debates and arguments that one just can’t have control of. I bet
you must have plenty and plenty of experience in that specialty.
Mr, rickusn, Let me see some real stuff!!!
Not insults! And I might give your views and your
opinions some thought and not before that.
Man!!! The desperation :p … I wonder who is more
the goofier one? The one that went over the top for nothing? Or the
one who was merely stating his own personal opinion?
I for one would never insult people as
liberally and as liesurely as you do – NOT EVEN IF I’M LOSING
IN MY DEBATES AND IN MY ARGUMENTS :p !!!
.
By: danrh - 28th February 2006 at 01:16
This still has nothing to do with Chinese carriers people. Perhaps a little moderator action called for. Lock the thread for a few days and let it settle. The whole China/Taiwan thing has been done more time than I care to remember, no one will be changing their opinions based on what goes on here.
Daniel
By: ragingwire - 28th February 2006 at 00:26
“The legal position is that Taiwan writes, reads, speaks, and listens in
Chinese, cuisines in Chinese, “THINKS CHINESE”, sings songs and lyerics in Chinese, operas in Chinese,
fools around the Chinese way, and plays mahjong just like the Chinese…Now, can you wash all of that clean??? “
So, according to your position, there is so such thing as the United States of America… just a “renegade provence of England”!
After all, an “American” writes, reads, speaks, and listens in
English, cuisines mostly in English derived foods, “THINKS ENGLISH”, sings songs and lyirics in English, operas in English (or Latin),
fools around the “American” version of the English way, and plays tennis, golf, rugby (yes, we have organized University-level rugby), and football (we call it soccer) just like the English…We must not be a legal country either!
As for why Taiwanese passports still have the name “China” on them, if they removed it, that could meet the definition in the PRC law of “claiming independence”… which could trigger military action by the PRC to forcibly prevent such actions!!
The difference is US succesfully fight the British and Taiwan hasn’t China lie the red line across the sand dare the Taiwanese to cross it !
By: rickusn - 28th February 2006 at 00:16
“Early retirement” at the age of 74.
LOL you get goofier and goofier by the second. LOL
And you still have not answered any questions. LOL
Ive seen losers in my day but you have just went to the head of the list. LOL
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 20:23
.
With his status and the respect he commands in the news media?
I doubt if that’s enough for him to call it a day. I mean rightly or wrongly, if
what they can do to this once upon a time much reveered fella, Scott Ritters, you can
bet they can do to anyone and everyone — Dan Rather inclusive.
Besides, I do not see it as a conspiracy. I see it more
as part of a ruthless game that people must play in politics
in order to survive. And, in politics, the best man wins.
Truthfully, if I was into politics
and if I was targetted as El Presidente was, I’d use all
the tricks in the book as well.
Clairifications: I’m not pro-anyone here.
Dan Rather is used here merely as an argument because of
the criticism people here have for Beijing.
I felt that the singling out of Beijing was unfair to say the least.
.
By: SOC - 27th February 2006 at 19:32
I mean do you really and seriously believe that Rathers took early retirement
Did Bush cause Rather’s retirement? Probably, but not the way conspiracy theorists and liberals would have you believe. Dan Rather jumped all over the “documents” about Bush in the Texas ANG, didn’t check anything that much, etc, and went live (how can we have an unbiased media when like 90% of the media votes liberal). OOPS. It was the story that killed his career, that one would have been tough to recover from, and remember, TV, even the news, is all about ratings.
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 18:45
So, according to your position, there is so such thing as the United States of America… just a “renegade provence of England”!
Well… I must admit… You indeed are putting
me into a bit of delemma here. A difficult situation even.
Now what shall I do or how shall I handle this :p.
Languages and customs aside, the Chinese is not as notorious of a species
because, if they are, the whole of eastern Europe would’ve qualify a speciment you had
tried to utilized in your argument (based on Yuan China and other eras of China’s past) . But,
they have never ever harboured anything remotely like that in their minds.
So don’t even try that one on me because it won’t work.
Think: Of all Islands in the world, why do you suppose the Chinese
nationalist at the time were able to liesurely and comfortably been able to
“RETREAT TO” and not known as “INVADE” the Island, tanks and all, and were permitted to fly the
nationalist flag there? WHY? That’s because it is Chinese domain and…
United States, now what is it? A province of England or what???
Apples are apples and oranges are oranges. You are trying much much
too hard here and you are swerving totally off course. Chinese Islands is not
the United States — Chinese Islands are simply that — Chinese Islands!
.
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 17:44
The only ignorant person here is you.
My my… How disgruntled can people get when they
can’t have things their way… I mean it’s almost a spoiled and crancky
brat, a baby, crying over milk or crying for attention…
You can prove your not by answering my questions.
But I do answers questions. However, I tend to do it my way… with honesty
and reasoning and not with outragous demands, bitchings, or curses. But, I will have to admit —
not everyone in this world is bliss with the gift of being able to reason.
LOL “anchor for life” What world do you live in?
I mean do you really and seriously believe that Rathers took early retirement :p ?
If so, then you are even much more naive than I thought. Mr. Rove is a smart cooky
and smart cookies have a tendency of hatching smart tricks. Comprended?
Do you realize people in America with his type of money(and many with much less) often begin retiring in their mid 50’s? And almost everyone is retired by the age of 65.
Have you ever heard of Barb Barker the fella that hosts that day time
game show “The Price Is Right??? What do you think his worth is? And, is he stupid
or what? I mean the guy can hardly stand up anymore but, last I clicked the TV screen, he is
still as canniving as ever towards those sexy Ladies of “The Price Is Right” :p…
Or, let’s simply put it this way… Celebrities,
be they actors, TV hosts, news anchors, whatever — they don’t die — like
soldiers – they too slowly slowy fades away …
.
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 16:58
[THREADJACK]
Last time I was in the queue at Narita immigration I was surrounded by Chinese tourists. Obvious that there were two types (different clothes, accessories, mannerisms, faces – as easy as spotting northern mainlanders in Hong Kong, which I found in the mid-90s was very easy indeed). Surreptitious peeks at passports held in hands revealed the secret – mainlanders & Taiwanese.
[/THREADJACK]
Reference: Passports
Strangely enough: aren’t both of them :p Chinese passports :p ?
And alternatively, while there might be distinct taste to the politics of it,
a different twist even, isn’t it true however that the symbolizms of the high noon sun
in the colors of blue and white in a field of Chinese red exactly the very same field of Chinese red
that proudly and enthusiastically sports the five bright and shinny stars?
“In one of the crossings between the US and Canada (Peace Arch I think),
engraved “PROUDLY” in stone is this verse: “Siblings of The Same Motherhood” (correct
me if not exactly how it goes people). God!!! How I envy the awesome meanings those words
convey… Now, where is this very same energy and this enthusiasm?”
I’m sad… I’m sad and I feel sorry for all those slow-ones in us!!!
Because, we have them too in Canuckland. They call themselves Block Qebecors. And, the
late Pier Elliot Trudeau said it best with the fingers he gave them.
.
By: kyli - 27th February 2006 at 14:12
[QUOTE=Bager1968
So, according to your position, there is so such thing as the United States of America… just a “renegade provence of England”!
After all, an “American” writes, reads, speaks, and listens in
English, cuisines mostly in English derived foods, “THINKS ENGLISH”, sings songs and lyirics in English, operas in English (or Latin),
fools around the “American” version of the English way, and plays tennis, golf, rugby (yes, we have organized University-level rugby), and football (we call it soccer) just like the English…
[/QUOTE]
There are major difference between US and Taiwan. Taiwan is just 100 miles from mainland China, and as much as Taiwanese tried to claim they are different from Chinese. They are not, most of tawianese come from province of Fujian.
As for why Taiwanese passports still have the name “China” on them, if they removed it, that could meet the definition in the PRC law of “claiming independence”… which could trigger military action by the PRC to forcibly prevent such actions!!
The problem is for last sixty or so years, Taiwan still claim all of China. Taiwan even want to invade mainland China up until 80. More Taiwanese favored the unification in ten years ago, it is only recentt years there are more Taiwanese want to be independent. The Taiwan situation is very complicate, but Taiwan do not have much legal basic for claiming they are not part of China.
By: Bager1968 - 27th February 2006 at 04:06
“The legal position is that Taiwan writes, reads, speaks, and listens in
Chinese, cuisines in Chinese, “THINKS CHINESE”, sings songs and lyerics in Chinese, operas in Chinese,
fools around the Chinese way, and plays mahjong just like the Chinese…
Now, can you wash all of that clean??? “
So, according to your position, there is so such thing as the United States of America… just a “renegade provence of England”!
After all, an “American” writes, reads, speaks, and listens in
English, cuisines mostly in English derived foods, “THINKS ENGLISH”, sings songs and lyirics in English, operas in English (or Latin),
fools around the “American” version of the English way, and plays tennis, golf, rugby (yes, we have organized University-level rugby), and football (we call it soccer) just like the English…
We must not be a legal country either!
As for why Taiwanese passports still have the name “China” on them, if they removed it, that could meet the definition in the PRC law of “claiming independence”… which could trigger military action by the PRC to forcibly prevent such actions!!
By: rickusn - 27th February 2006 at 02:00
“You’ve got to be kiddin’??? Or else – you must be equally as ignorant
as the other guy.”
The only ignorant person here is you.
You can prove your not by answering my questions.
Which you havent, cant and wont.
“Socialism with a uinque and distinct characteristic, shall we say — a characteristic where
Dan Rathers gets to anchor for life maybe instead of being disgraced ???”
LOL “anchor for life” What world do you live in?
Do you realize people in America with his type of money(and many with much less) often begin retiring in their mid 50’s? And almost everyone is retired by the age of 65.
And the rest of it is too laughable to even comment on.
“He (Rathers) got canned for the air national guard thingy
and, likely for having interviewed Heussein the dictator and for showing empathy
for the guy. The Hanoi Jane syndrome… Oh you know what I mean!!!”
I dont think anyone in the universe including you knows what you mean.
Show proof of your contentions and Ill be persuaded.
Ignorant? Take a look in a mirror for the definition. LOL
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 01:33
If your trying to say that there has been a change
of government in China and that it is no longer a Communist government
you will have to supply me with factual documentation.
I’d like to see it as “the coming to the ages” when it’s to do with the
present system and not an as outright change of government as you had quoted.
Socialism with a uinque and distinct characteristic, shall we say — a characteristic where
Dan Rathers gets to anchor for life maybe instead of being disgraced ???
Dan Rather will be 75 years old this year and retired a year ago.
You’ve got to be kiddin’??? Or else – you must be equally as ignorant
as the other guy. He (Rathers) got canned for the air national guard thingy
and, likely for having interviewed Heussein the dictator and for showing empathy
for the guy. The Hanoi Jane syndrome… Oh you know what I mean!!!
.
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 01:09
Hi kyli
You’re making the same mistake as Golden. I wasn’t talking about people, I was coming from a legal position over how countries as a whole accept Taiwanese passports as official documents.
The legal position is that Taiwan writes, reads, speaks, and listens in
Chinese, cuisines in Chinese, “THINKS CHINESE”, sings songs and lyerics in Chinese, operas in Chinese,
fools around the Chinese way, and plays mahjong just like the Chinese…
Now, can you wash all of that clean???
.
By: edisonone - 27th February 2006 at 00:55
That sounds like the view the Nazis took over nationality.
Nazis:
And, what do you have against the Nazis???
I mean what do you know about the Nazis? Honestly, I wouldn’t go the
route because, like you, I don’t have any first hand knowledge whatsoever about them,
with the exception of what I had heard, read, or was told about them.
Matter of factly, if the Nazis are nationalist fanatics, they are still no
match for that of Imperial Japan so why not use Japan as an example instead? Why Germany?
I mean Japan would’ve make it much easier for people to relate here .
.