The figure 3 shows the gas pressure at different courses (in different places), it is rough, and the exact details will is rather complicated. There might be a little mistake. Pay attention, the figure just shows main portion of the flow. The figures of temperature and gas velocity are more complicated,
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Please pay attention, there is a red horizontal line inside the figure, it shows that the pressure at two places have some relation, against the relation the engine can’t work orderly. It isn’t precise in this figure.
Working cycle analyses and efficiency (please see figure 2)
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Estimate the theoretic efficiency; compare the two types of engines: the current engine and I proposed.
Firstly I state some premises:
1. Because the efficiency of the current compressor and turbine in current turbo-generator is very high, the below calculation ignore the energy loss in them.
2. In below analyses I assume that the portion’s efficiencies are same if they have the similar function component. Meanwhile I ignore some small loss during courses.
I set a sample example with data to explain, I assume the pressures are same before combustion in the two type engines.
for the current jet: efficiency=1-1/{W^[(k-1)/k]} ( ^N means the Nth power)
W: the pressure rate in compressor or blower; I set: W=10, k=1.4, the theoretical efficiency of the current jet is 48.2%.
As to the new jet: efficiency=1-k*[u^(1/k)-1]/(u-1)/{w^[(k-1)/k]}
W is increase rate of gas pressure by blower. W=10; here U is the increase rate of pressure by combustion, here U=4.5;I input the data, you can see the theoretical efficiency of this closed combustion jet engine is 60%
The efficiency of the new type engine is higher than the current one by 25%.
In the example I have compare the efficiency of the two type of engine theoretically. Actually the compressor in the current engine consumes a lot of (about proportion of 2/3) energy from the burnt gas, the proportion in new engine will be much smaller (The date can be 1/4). Meanwhile the compressor’s efficiency is not so high in common(the best is about 85%). So the new type of engine’s actual efficiency is much higher than the current. The actual efficiency of the new type engine is higher than the current consistent pressure combustion type, expected by over 30%.
I try to explain why the new type of engine has more efficiency from another aspect, compared with current jet engine, the new engine uses up the same amount mechanical work and chemical energy but gets higher-pressure gas. The gas can make more work if its pressure is higher. So the new type engine has more efficiency.
The new engine can get higher-pressure gas because the gas pressure can increase further by the closed combustion course besides by the compressor that also is used in current jet engine.
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Firstly I explain the structure in brief. (figure 1)
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The left one is the section along axial, it show almost all main parts.
Another two pictures show the main parts: the front door and back door of the combustion chambers. two doors control and regulate work to complete combustion one by one. Anyone of combustion chambers sometimes sucks mixture gas; sometimes it the combustion happens inside it; sometimes gas exhausts from it. So the chamber sometimes is sealed by the two doors; sometimes it is open on both ends; sometimes it is open on one end. So the door has openings(slots) in it. The two doors rotate at same speed and co-operate each other.
As the amount of chambers, I draw 4 pairs, actually it will be more. It depends on the utilization rate of space; parts strength; stable work and other factors.
There is blower/compressor in front of the chambers. The branch pipe, turbine install behind the chambers. There may be also branch pipes in front of the chambers to input gas but they are very short so that they are not illustrated in the upper pictures
Now I state the work procedure.
Let us review the current popular jet engine’s work procedure: the first step is that compressor suck air and increase the pressure to high level, the air enter combustion chamber, be mixed with fuel, burning, during the course the pressure of combustion remain constant almostly in chamber; after complete burning, gas goes out of chambers and drives turbine; turbine transmits the power to the compressor ahead; at last the gas utilizes the rest energy to accelerate itself to push jet engine.
In my design: The first step of jet propulsion’s work procedure is that the blower suck air and increase it to proper pressure, mix fuel as well; then through a pipe the gas enter the combustion chambers, after the front door and back door close, then burning inside chambers and the pressure increase rapidly, the back door open; the gas run into the branch pipes; then general pipe, there is a turbine afterwards to get power for the blower/compressor ahead. After the branch pipe the gases converge, flow out off the engine so as to give whole engine a consistent push force.
Upper I state two work courses, there is another course, at the end of the spouting course, the front door of chambers opens, and the fresh gas enters meanwhile drive/sweep the waste gas out off the chambers. So the chambers spout gas alternatively. All courses are controlled by chambers’ front door and back door. In common case, there are always a couple of chambers at the same course. All chambers are arranged as a circle. The section shape of chamber is round or close to round.
The combustion in each time needs several milliseconds to complete. Though it is so quick, if the rotary doors are driven by turbine, you should reduce the rotation speed from turbine to the valve. The speed of turbine is too high for doors because the combustion needs time. A transmission unit is needed from turbine to doors.(or by pneumatic solution to realize)
Because the combustion of each time can within tiny little time, practically it is not necessary that chambers are closed completely at both sides during combustion course inside the chambers as far as we can get almost same high pressure gas. In this sense we also can call it the constant-volume combustion type.