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arthuro

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  • in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2488720
    arthuro
    Participant

    Rafale B versus Rafale M :

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2488770
    arthuro
    Participant

    Answer for possible future sales : Swiszerland, Brazil, UAE, Greece, india and lybia.

    The rafale is in fact one of the cheapest new generation fighter aircraft with prices ranging from 50 to 55 millions euros depending on the version.

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489164
    arthuro
    Participant

    it is true that missile integration is an issue for the rafale vs the gripen and the typhoon in switzerland.

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489262
    arthuro
    Participant

    thank you for the information!

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489286
    arthuro
    Participant

    I ackonowledge I don’t know everything about the austrian deal…Can you elaborate on this one ?

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489378
    arthuro
    Participant

    I agree with Nicolas10 there are so many parameters and MRCA requirements are so unclear that it is hard if not impossible to say which aircraft is the front runner.

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489439
    arthuro
    Participant

    No offense, but why can you not accept the possibility that Rafale lost because it wasn’t the best fit for the customer????

    South Korea….. should war come, would not a Korean F-15 be beneficial……US can service and arm Korean jets and vice versa! one less chain of spare parts to have……

    Same with Singapore……..

    Austria chose Typhoon because Germany has them, and the good favour by buying typhoon(even just the ‘we have the same stuff’) with britain, spain, germany and italy(and possibly switzerland and saudi and greece) far out weighs the gain of buy rafale……

    Saudi as a follow up to the Al-thingamagiggy deals

    dont get me wrong, but France has a bad history of doing what it needs for itself and leaving allies to flap in the wind(ie NATO withdrawl)-could that be part of the customers thought process as well?

    Dont get me wrong, Rafale looks beautiful, and does a great job, and would possibly do a great job in Brazil, but to suggest that the bribing of the austrian air force chief was what sealed the deal is laughable considering the selection process and review to maintain there neutrality would surely catch anysuch favourtism and the saudi deal was sorted back in the 80s-90s me thinks!

    Just some unbiased thoughts about the process- would love the same

    PS Im not pro Rafale or Typhoon…… I still think the F-111 would blast past and leave them no place to land!
    14th November 2008 15:44

    We have never said the contrary. The F15 was chosen in korea and singapore especially for the close US military ties.

    Austria was not an opened competition but a state to stae negociation with germany and that was very controversial. Same went for the Saudi deal.

    Switzerland and greece : competition is not over ! So…

    Spain, germany, UK, and italy are initial customers (it is a four nations programme).

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489469
    arthuro
    Participant

    Jackoniko,

    Well I think you are a little bit candid about arms deal business…And I am not targetting anyone in particular…As I said there is always a gray zone between expenses made for client relationships and bribering…And dealing with middle east states (Lybia, oman, saudi arabia, UAE….) means that you should convince a small bunch of influent people in an non transparant process. And I am realistic when I say that arms maker know how to deal with those regimes…

    As far as the Saudi deal is concerned I think I had some pretty insider informations from my teacher even if he didn’t went into details. And you know what ? I don’t blame BAE since everyone do the same things! To pretend otherwise mean that you are either dishonnest or very naive! As I understood the trial was quelled despite strong allegations…But no matter the “official” side of the story, these kind of deals are subjected to briberies especially in undemocratic countries where the freedom of the press doesn’t exist like in western countries.

    (funny thing : for once you are the guy which is quoting official sources!)

    Of course you would say there are no formal proofs, good for BAE if they manage to escape a trial, but when you have a slight idea of how arms or other political sensitive items deals are dealt in those countries you are quite delusionnal …

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489531
    arthuro
    Participant

    From todays air&cosms : (p8) about the swiss evaluation :

    Lors de l’évaluation du rafale par les forces aériennes suisses, les français ont été très surpris par les demandes des militaires qui ont demandé aux français d’utiliser les équpements de l’avion de combat hors domaine : OSF en mode air sol et nacelle de désignation laser damoclès en air-air. Des essais qui ce sont montrés plus que concluants, à la grande satisfaction des français. Lesquels ont aussi réalisé une brillante démonstration de la nouvelle antenne active du radar RBE2, dont la production en série vient d’être décidée.

    Google translation :

    When evaluating the rafale by the Swiss Air Force, the French have been very surprised by the demands of the military who asked the French to use the equipements of the combat aircraft outside their area of use: OSF in air to ground modes and Damocles laser designation in to air-air modes. Tests which showed more than conclusive, to the great satisfaction of French. Which have also produced a brilliant demonstration of the new radar antenna active RBE2, whose serial production has been decided.

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489651
    arthuro
    Participant

    KKM57P,

    I am not surprised about this. In fact in such kind of deal it is often the norm and a common practice.(but also in many other areas like for the oil industry or others state contracts like for water, nuclear facilities etc….)

    Despite Jackoniko’s point of view, Saudi arabia was a cas in point (I don’t know for austria). I personnaly had a corporate governace teacher(Professor Joseph McCahery) at Solvay in Bruxelles (master of finance) which was a former wall street lawyer and who worked directly on this case. And while he dindn’t want to get into details he made no mistery that bribering helped BAE a lot. But he said this is part of the business and you just had to be not caught if you wanted to be succesfull. This Guy also worked on other world famous “affairs” like ENRON or Gasprom. (He has one of the most famous course on Enron and Parmalat).
    Some of his research work : http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=208050

    So I am not saying that anyone is worst than another here but bribering is a very common practice in this business and moreover the limit between which is legal and what is illigal is a “gray zone” and everyone is borderline about this. You can always pretend that a few million is part of “good client relationship” lol.:D. My bank is offering me tickets for tennis match and that is perfectly legal….Client relationship is the word !

    I bet for Lybia or the UAE for the rafale or Omman and Saudi Arabia where the process is undemocratic (decided by a very few) and not very transparent, dassault’s and BAe sales man are very “imaginative”…:D

    in reply to: The EuroFighter Typhoon #2489711
    arthuro
    Participant

    well the typhoon is a four nation programme so it is normal that the number of aircraft produced is higher.

    As far as exports are concerned, the reasons of rafale lack of success are for the three campains the rafale was involved in)

    -The lack of polotical clout in korea (36 000 GI stationned there!)
    -The depreciation of the dollar (30%) and the lack of political clout in singapore. (US navy fleet in the balance to protect singapore…)
    -In Marrocco massive failure of the french authorities…Two negociators for the rafale with Dassault and the DGA with different prices suggested. (plus failure of package deal offers)

    And that is it for the rafale for the moment. We should wait for brazil where the rafale is in the final stage but also Switzerland and india. Lybia and the UAE are state to state negociation.

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2489977
    arthuro
    Participant

    You’ve had some fairly one-sided tub-thumping answers so far.

    Suffice it to say that the Dutch evaluation was a paperwork exercise concentrating on economic and industrial factors, between an unflown F-35, an immature Typhoon, and an in service Rafale. At that time, the Rafale deservedly won over the Eurofighter. Then (and at many times since) the Rafale programme has looked well-run and on-track. That has rarely been the case for Typhoon.

    In Korea, Typhoon was firmly in third place, and at that stage of its development probably didn’t deserve that. The Koreans who flew it loved the aircraft, but it simply wasn’t mature enough to meet Korean timescales, and you must bear in mind that the Koreans wanted an operational strike fighter, not a pilot-pleasing airshow aircraft, which is what Typhoon was, at the time. Rafale came first or second, depending on who you believe. History records that the F-15 was selected and procured.

    Singapore is controversial. I am just one of a number of journos who spoke to RSAF pilots on the evaluation team, who said that Typhoon was their favoured choice, but that they were overruled by MinDef because Typhoon could not (or might not) meet Singaporean timescales for particular capability requirements. With the Tranche 2 production contract signed late, and the NETMA nations unable to get their ducks in a row to get Tranche 2 capabilities on contract, I think that the Singaporean MinDEF were absolutely right to reject Typhoon, and after the badly run campaign, to do so in as humiliating a manner as was possible. The Rafale fans like to say that Rafale beat Typhoon in Singapore, but while I believe that that’s true overall in Korea, I don’t believe it to be the case in Singapore. Again history records that the F-15 was selected and procured.

    In both cases, the geopolitical advantages of buying American may have been absolutely compelling, and there would have been a lot of arm-twisting tactics along the lines we’ve seen in so many F-16 sales. “This is a token of being an ally of the USA in the war against terror….”, “You’re either with us or against us…” arguments that have hit Gripen International hard, and have doubtless been marshalled against Dassault.

    There will now be howls of anguish and anger because I’m making claims based on “what I’ve been told”, and because there aren’t handy internet links backing up what I say. Believe me/don’t believe me, I don’t really care. To be honest, Singapore and Korea are ancient history, and both Typhoon and Rafale are very different programmes today, and customers can have a much higher degree of confidence in both aircraft.

    This is your version which is certainly more bias than mine (which come from journos) since you are unable to provide sources!
    I always prefer a source from serious newspaper or people namely quoted and which credibility is at stake than uncheckable corridor rumors…I would be delighted if you could bring a BAE executive interview saying the opposite…
    Then I would start taking you seriously.

    As I already said I’ve talked to people which confirms that the rafale won in technical evaluation. (dassault’s international support manager and two rafale pilots). So we have both first “so called” hand information even if this
    contradict each other. But at least I can provide checkable sources.

    But we have already debated a thousand times about this issue…so better to move on to another subject…Let people make their opinion about this. It start to be a little bit tyring !;)

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2490059
    arthuro
    Participant

    Third party targeting and over the shoulder shots may often be talked about within the air-to-air missile community. Less often are they actually tried in the real world.

    An interesting shot was described recently by Brig. General Jerome Huret, head of the French air force’s operational evaluation and test center, involving two Dassault Rafale aircraft, and a target drone. The target drone was positioned in the launch aircraft’s seven o’clock, with target information provided by a second Rafale.

    The launch aircraft called for a “de-louse” – to ensure that it did not have any unwanted company. With the target drone identified and the data provided to the launch aircraft, an MBDA Mica was fired “over the shoulder” – resulting in the destruction of the target drone.

    Although Huret did not say, the shot was most likely carried out using an imaging-infrared guided Mica IR. Huret was presenting at a recent IQPC Air-Launched Weapons conference in London.

    http://www.aviationweek.com/aw/blogs…6-a6e1b9ad3882

    I want this piece of fresh news in this new rafale thread 😀

    thx Nicolas 10 to have put the links of the previous rafale threads! It will be a nice database.

    in reply to: He is back! He is angry! Rafale News Four! #2490063
    arthuro
    Participant

    bgnewf,

    Rafale won technical evaluations each time it was confronted to the typhoon and the F15 (Korea and Singapore) and during the Dutch evaluation it came second very close to the F35 but before the typhoon with a good margin. But selling an aircraft is also a lot of politics and economics. Many selling campaings are state to state ones.

    Here are some sources for Korea, dutch and singapore evaluation.

    for the korean campain :

    Dassault’s combat aircraft Rafale was rated as “excellent” in all five categories, while its strongest rival, Boeing’s F-15 fighter, reached the standard in only two categories.

    The Boeing fighter received “excellent” in reliability and supportive combat capability, while Eurofighter, produced by a European consortium, won the top grades in the general function and reliability categories.

    In the categories of weapons and electronic warfare capability, only Rafale earned the “excellent” grade, according to the officials.

    Russia’s Su-35 took fourth place with “ordinary” rates in all five categories.

    Korea to Buy 20 Foreign Fighter Jets Next Year

    (Source: Korea Overseas Information Service; dated Jan. 18, web-posted Jan. 17, 2007)

    Having ordered 40 Boeing F-15Ks, South Korea has now confirmed plans to order 20 new multi-rôle fighters in 2008. Korea has decided to choose a foreign contractor through open bidding to supply 20 “next-generation” fighter jets in the coming years, a project to cost around 2.3 trillion won ($2.4 billion), defense officials said Wednesday (Jan. 17).

    The project follows Seoul’s contract with the U.S. company Boeing Co. in 2002 to buy 40 F-15K jets for $4.6 billion. Eighteen jets have been delivered so far, with the remainder to be introduced by next year.

    “We plan to draw up a detailed plan for the procurement project next month and distribute the proposal in March, with the aim of signing a contract by February next year,” said Major General Kim Deuk-hwan, director-general for aircraft programs at the Defense Acquisition Program Administration.

    The decision was made at a defense procurement project committee meeting presided over by Defense Minister Kim Jang-soo at the Defense Ministry building in central Seoul.

    Korea has pushed for the purchase of 120 next-generation fighter jets as part of its blueprint for overhauling the military’s structure and drastically increasing combat capability by 2020.

    “It is a plan to secure 20 highly efficient multipurpose fighter jets to actively counter threats by neighboring countries under the National Defense Reform 2020 project,” Kim said. “We will introduce the aircraft between 2010 and 2012.”

    He indicated that Lockheed Martin’s F-35 model will be ruled out, saying the Air Force needs double-engine fighters.

    “There are a lot of differences between the single-engine F-35 and what our military needs, including weapons capacity and flight scope,” Kim said.

    Korean officials expect the introduction of a foreign model to help the country learn the core technology needed for the designing and manufacturing of advanced aircraft, as well as contributing to the development of the domestic aerospace industry and the creation of jobs.

    In 2002, Seoul chose Boeing’s F-15K, probably in consideration of the long-standing military alliance with the United States, giving a new lifeline to Boeing’s then-sputtering F-15 production line in Missouri. The French-built fighter Rafale reportedly beat the F-15K by a narrow margin in the technical phase of evaluation. Two other fighters, the Russian Sukhoi Su-35 and the Typhoon from European consortium Eurofighter, also joined in the competition.

    DATE : 20/03/07
    SOURCE : Flight International

    Typhoon to battle F-15K in Seoul
    By Siva Govindasamy

    Boeing and Eurofighter go head-to-head again for 20-aircraft deal, as Dassault and Sukhoi withdraw interest.

    Boeing’s F-15 and the Eurofighter Typhoon are to contest the $2.4 billion next phase of South Korea’s F-X fighter contest, with potential rivals Dassault and Sukhoi having decided against entering the second round of bidding.

    Officials from Boeing and the Euro¬fighter consortium at¬tended a compulsory presentation conducted by South Korea’s Defence Acquisition Programme Administration (DAPA), which spelt out Seoul’s requirements for the 20-aircraft deal. Dassault and Sukhoi did not send representatives.

    “Dassault said in 2002 that it won’t take part in future South Korean competitions, and it appears to be keeping to its word. Sukhoi probably realised that it had little chance as well,” says a Seoul-based industry source. “The Koreans will be relieved that Eurofighter is still keen as they want a competition, as opposed to awarding a single-source contract.”

    The new requirement is being opened up to competition even though Boeing won a contract to supply the South Korean air force with 40 F-15Ks in 2002, plus 40 options. The F-15 was chosen over the Typhoon, Dassault Rafale and Sukhoi Su-35, although the Rafale came out on top in the evaluation.

    The decision hardened perceptions that South Korea is biased towards procuring US military hardware, and prompted Seoul to launch an open bid for the second phase of its contest. However, in a possible indication of its platform preference, the DAPA’s K-X requirement calls for the acquisition of an “F-15 class” aircraft.
    Eurofighter’s confidence is based on its sales record and the fact that the aircraft has now proven its capabilities, says the industry source. Around 100 are now operational with launch users Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK, and deals to export a further 90 to Austria and Saudi Arabia are progressing. “It [Eurofighter] is determined to break into the Asian market, and the fact that it had more representatives at the meeting than any other company shows how seriously it is taking this,” the source notes.

    Boeing and Eurofighter must submit their proposals for the K-X deal by 18 April, with a contract to be signed around February 2008 and deliveries to occur in the 2010-12 timeframe.

    Dutch evaluation:

    http://www.dedefensa.org/article.php?art_id=84

    “A surprising and important detail had been made public: the technological and operational evaluation by the RNAF of the three candidates. According to the RNAF criteria, the JSF had been graded 6.97; the Rafale, 6.95; and the Eurofighter Typhoon, 5.85. “

    And for singapore

    Rafale, the French fighter, scrambles for export orders
    By Christina Mackenzie
    International Herald Tribune

    Published: July 16, 2006 Paris

    Riddle: Which combat aircraft outperforms its competitors in dogfights, is frequently classed first on technical merit in international tenders, is capable of covering a broad spectrum of air missions and is competitively priced, but has yet to win a single export order from a foreign air force? Answer: the Rafale, the French fighter developed and manufactured by Dassault Aviation.

    In development since the mid-1980s and in French naval carrier-based service since 2004, Rafale is a so-called fourth-generation fighter, a sophisticated multirole jet with advanced avionics and weapons systems, but less able to avoid radar detection than “fifth generation” stealth fighters like the Lockheed-Martin F-22 Raptor or the U.S.-European F-35 Joint Strike Fighter.

    Competitors include the U.S.-made F- 15 Eagle, in service in various versions since the 1970s, the F-16 Fighting Falcon and F-18E/F Super Hornet, the Eurofighter Typhoon and the Swedish-built JAS-39 Gripen, marketed in collaboration with BAE Systems of Britain.

    Dassault and the French Ministry of Defense hope that exports may now take off after Prime Minister Dominique de Villepin declared operational a first French air force squadron of 20 Rafales on June 27.

    “It’s almost impossible to sell a combat aircraft not operational in its own air force,” Gérard David, head of communications for Dassault said during an interview by telephone. “The doors are now open to Rafale’s export career.”
    Within the French military, the Rafale eventually would replace existing air force and naval fighters and fighter- bombers, including the Mirage IV, F1 and 2000; the Jaguar; Crusader; Etendard IV and Super-Etendard.

    “This is going to reduce our operating costs tremendously through rationalization of maintenance,” said General Patrick Dufour, director of the Rafale program at the Délégation Générale de l’Armement, France’s defense procurement agency.

    Colonel François Moussez, a pilot who has flown 150 hours on the Rafale, said that two could do the work of six existing air superiority/defense and air-to-surface attack jets. “With the Rafale,” he said, “we can do simultaneous multimission management: air-to-air, air-to- ground, reconnaissance at the same time.”

    Moussez said that in dogfight exercises, the Rafale had outflown F-15, F-16 and F-18 opponents, and in technical and performance evaluations “we have systematically won against the F-15 and the Eurofighter Typhoon.”
    Yet it lost to the F-15 in competitions to sell to South Korea and Singapore. Moussez said it was outflanked in the former case on political grounds and in the latter case on costs, noting that the dollar had depreciated 30 percent over the period of the Singapore competition.

    In competitions to sell combat aircraft, “the principal criterion is political. It has little to do with aircraft performance,” Moussez said.

    Richard Aboulafia, an aerospace analyst with Teal Group in Fairfax, Virginia, also says that politics play a major role in fighter procurement. “Aggressive U.S. foreign policy” was a primary cause of export wins by U.S. military jets, he said during an interview by telephone.

    Bob Kemp, director of sales for the Gripen, was not so sure. “There is no doubt a political factor,” he said during an interview. But “the first thing is, the aircraft must be able to do the job, and the second is financial.”
    The Gripen, in operation with the Swedish Air Force since 1997, has been sold or leased to three countries and is quietly adding more orders, partly because it is “half the price of our competitors,” Kemp said.

    Pricing combat aircraft is notoriously complex, with deals often involving industrial offsets and seldom reflecting full aircraft development costs. While Dufour put the average cost of a Rafale at €50 million, or $64 million, and the Typhoon – a collaboration grouping Italy, Germany, Spain and Britain – at about £65 million, or $120 million, Kemp said both aircraft had been offered to Singapore and South Korea at about $95 million each, compared with a basic price tag of $45 million to $50 million for the Gripen.

    Combat aircraft technology “costs what it weighs,” Kemp said. “The Typhoon is basically twice the weight of the Gripen – and costs twice as much.”
    The Typhoon, although lacking air-to- ground capacity in its current version, already has one export customer. Austria signed for 18 aircraft in August 2003 and Britain has signed a preliminary agreement with Saudi Arabia to supply at least 24 Typhoons from the British production run of 89 aircraft, although no final deal has been sealed.

    Meanwhile Gripen has sold 28 aircraft to South Africa, the first of which left Sweden by ship in early July for the Overburg test flight center near Cape Town. Hungary has signed a lease and purchase agreement with Sweden for 14 aircraft, of which the first five were handed over in March. And the Czech Republic has leased 14 aircraft, all of which have been delivered. Norway and Denmark have also requested information on the Gripen from Saab, its manufacturer.

    French procurement officials, comparing the sales prospects of the Gripen and Rafale, said the Gripen was designed for a different type of mission. The Rafale, a twin-engine aircraft with a maximum takeoff weight of 24.5 tons, can carry 9.5 tons of weapons slung under its wings, while the single-engine Gripen, with a maximum takeoff weight of 14 tons, carries only 5 tons of weapons.

    Kemp agrees. Buyers of the heavier fighters “pay for longer range and heavier weapons loads,” he said, fitting them for a strategic defense role that some air forces may find less relevant than it was at the height of the cold war.

    Still, by 2030, many countries will need to renew their combat aircraft fleets including some, like India and Japan, that may face significant strategic challenges. Saudi Arabia may finalize its Typhoon deal at the Farnborough Airshow, and analysts say other likely customers in the near future include Morocco and Brazil.

    Excluding the United States, Russia and China, the open export market is estimated by analysts at around 3,000 aircraft. France traditionally holds between 10 percent to 15 percent of this market. Based on political preferences and past performance, France could hope to export about 300 Rafales, analysts say.

    in reply to: The EuroFighter Typhoon #2490113
    arthuro
    Participant

    1st point : trafale programme is still profitable for Dassault even without exports (official from dassult’s CEO)

    2nd point : Like many military programmes, there is a part of politics. French policy is to remain independent even from US. So as a country, France decided to pay the price for this independence and that is a political choice. (NB it is the same thing for subs when france doesn’t rely on american technology…)
    And is the F22 a massive failure because it has no exports…?

    3rd point: Even without exports rafale programme management and commitment (from french governement) is surprinsingly far ahead that of the typhoon…
    See the slow developement process of the typhoon vs the fast developement of the rafale programme. (new weapons, new functionalities, new hardware…)

    fourth point : rafale price inflation is only 4% which tell long about the programme management quality…

    Last point : on a technical point of view the rafale did very well against its main competitors during technical evaluations for open competitions.
    Plus rafale main customer is very satisfied with the rafale and that was even reported by french Members of parliament from the defense commitee for the 2009 budget…They even they that france stand alone was a good thing since the typhoon was a technical and financial failure…(see in bold). Don’t tell me they are bias since they make many other fierce crticisms on other french or franco-european programmes…

    extract from the french national assembly debate for the defense budget.

    Vu dans lors de la discussion à l’assemblé du budget 2009:

    http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/13/cri/2008-2009/20090056.asp#INTER_19

    Dans le domaine aérien, la montée en puissance des escadrons de Rafale se poursuivra avec la livraison de quatorze appareils. Soixante autres exemplaires du Rafale seront également commandés, pour un montant de 4,7 milliards d’euros, ainsi que 1 000 armements air-sol modulaires.

    Ca fait 78M€ unitaire!!? Alors que dans la commande passée fin 2004 pour 59 Rafale le cout unitaire était de 50M€~. Est-ce que les armement sont inclus dans le prix? Un contrat de maintenance constructeur? (on en parle)

    M. Jean-Michel Fourgous, rapporteur spécial. Ce budget va dans le bon sens. Il tend notamment à améliorer le rapport entre dépenses opérationnelles et dépenses administratives, et leurs parts respectives de 40 et 60 % vont s’inverser. Je vous en félicite, monsieur le ministre.

    Pour nos industriels, c’est peu de dire que les clignotants ne sont pas au vert. Les ingénieurs de l’A400 M sont mobilisés sur l’Airbus et on ne connaît pas vraiment le maître d’œuvre de son moteur ; les mises au point du NH90 marine sont interminables ; les drones ont du mal à voler en dehors du SIDM qui marche parfaitement – avec cinq ans de retard.

    M. Yves Fromion, rapporteur pour avis. C’est faux !

    M. Jean-Michel Boucheron, rapporteur pour avis. Comment c’est faux ?

    M. Yves Fromion, rapporteur pour avis. Le Sperwer fonctionne parfaitement ! Il a été utilisé en Afghanistan !

    M. le président. Mes chers collègues, pas de dialogue !

    M. Jean-Michel Boucheron, rapporteur pour avis. Comme exemple de réalisation européenne, vous repasserez, cher collègue !

    Le temps nous a donné raison et nous n’avons finalement pas à regretter de ne pas être monté sur le radeau de l’Eurofighter, dont la catastrophe financière et technique s’annonce majeure.
    The time has given us reason and we finally did not regret not be mounted on the raft for the Eurofighter, including financial and technical disaster coming major.
    Et pan sur le bec des coopératives ouvrières européenne

    Profitons-en pour saluer ici les performances opérationnelles du Rafale, dont on dit qu’elles sont le double de celles du Mirage-9.

    C’est noté et salué.

    En ce qui concerne l’OTAN, la position franco-allemande arrêtée à Bucarest était juste. Il s’agit de stopper un élargissement inconsidéré aux conséquences juridiques incertaines et vécues par la Russie comme une tentative américaine d’étouffement. Le bouclier antimissile est à remiser au placard des provocations inutiles.

    En conclusion, le budget de la défense est l’un des éléments de la posture internationale de la France. Il est constitutif de notre influence politique, dont personne ne peut évaluer les retours. Le monde dans lequel nous entrons est un monde dont les ressources naturelles seront de plus en plus rares et disputées, un monde de grandes tensions. Ce budget tente de dégripper une machine budgétaire bloquée et d’entreprendre des réformes que beaucoup attendaient depuis longtemps. C’est un pari difficile. Personne ne peut vous reprocher de le tenter et la commission des affaires étrangères en espère le succès.

    Il est bien ce Jean-Michel Boucheron (socialiste)

    M. le président. La parole est à M. Jean-Claude Viollet, rapporteur pour avis de la commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées pour l’air, pour cinq minutes.

    M. Jean-Claude Viollet, rapporteur pour avis de la commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées pour l’air. Publié en juin 2008, le Livre blanc sur la défense et la sécurité nationale a globalement confirmé les missions de l’armée de l’air et consacré sa prééminence dans la maîtrise de la troisième dimension. Dans un contexte stratégique de plus en plus complexe, la capacité de mobilité et de réactivité des forces aériennes est en effet essentielle pour répondre aux menaces les plus diverses avec précision et rapidité.

    Un mois plus tard, le Gouvernement a rendu public le plan de réforme du ministère de la défense qui décline les conclusions de la révision générale des politiques publiques engagée depuis 2007. L’armée de l’air apportera une forte contribution à cet effort de restructuration, dans la foulée des réformes déjà réalisées pour la mise enœuvre du plan AIR 2010.

    Parallèlement, le budget de la défense pour 2009 s’insère dans une double démarche pluriannuelle : celle de la loi de programmation des finances publiques et celle de la loi de programmation militaire 2009-2014 qui vient d’être déposée sur le bureau du Parlement.

    C’est pourquoi, si mon avis retrace, comme il est de tradition, les moyens humains, matériels et financiers de l’armée de l’air en 2009, je mettrai l’accent, dans cette période charnière, sur les programmes d’équipement qui lui permettront de remplir avec efficacité son contrat opérationnel, fixé par le nouveau Livre blanc.

    Quelques mots, tout d’abord, sur les moyens de préparation et d’emploi des forces inscrits au programme 178 : comme le recommande le Livre blanc, les personnels ne seront plus que 50 000 en 2014-2015.

    Ce resserrement débute dès 2009 avec une réduction de 4 382 emplois, et s’accompagnera d’un effort d’optimisation de l’administration générale et du soutien commun. Au total, ces restructurations devraient engendrer une réduction de 15 900 aviateurs d’ici à 2015, soit 25 % des effectifs de l’armée de l’air, ce qui est considérable.

    L’accompagnement social et professionnel d’une telle réforme sera donc essentiel, tant pour les départs que pour le recrutement et la fidélisation. Nous y reviendrons d’ailleurs avec l’examen de deux amendements du Gouvernement, en avance sur l’examen de la loi de programmation militaire, et sur lesquels a travaillé notre commission.

    Autre conséquence de la réforme du ministère, les implantations seront densifiées et des bases de défense expérimentales seront constituées. L’armée de l’air passera ainsi de trente-sept implantations en 2008 à vingt-neuf en 2012. En 2014, toutes les implantations seront intégrées aux soixante-dix-huit bases de défense métropolitaines, dont vingt seront commandées par des aviateurs. Dès 2009, quatre bases de défense expérimentales seront constituées sur les bases aériennes de Creil, Avord, Nancy et Djibouti.

    Le plan de fermeture permettra de dégager, à terme, 5 700 postes.

    Toutes ces évolutions auront un impact important sur les infrastructures, qu’il conviendra de bien prendre en compte si l’on veut assurer le succès final de la réforme.

    Comme pour les autres armées, les crédits de fonctionnement courant, hors dotations carburant, connaîtront une forte réduction en 2009. Pour l’armée de l’air, cela correspondra à une nouvelle économie de 8 millions d’euros, qui se traduira forcément par des difficultés dans le fonctionnement quotidien des bases. Il serait regrettable que la première année de mise en œuvre de la réforme et de constitution des bases de défense soit associée, pour les personnels, à une dégradation de leurs conditions de vie et de travail.

    Je serai plus positif sur le MCO, qui recevra en 2009 un volume de crédits en net accroissement. Cette évolution devrait permettre de stabiliser la disponibilité des matériels aéronautiques, mais elle ne sera pas suffisante pour améliorer la situation très dégradée des stocks de rechanges. Dans ce domaine, la SIMMAD et l’expertise du SIAé jouent un rôle essentiel pour garantir la cohérence du MCO et la maîtrise des coûts.

    Un point d’inquiétude, cependant : l’ancienneté d’une partie des aéronefs de l’armée de l’air pèse sur le niveau global de la disponibilité et rend le MCO de plus en plus complexe et coûteux. C’est une donnée qui ne devra pas être oubliée par la LPM car il serait dangereux de sacrifier l’entretien de l’existant au profit des nouveaux équipements.

    J’en viens justement aux équipements prioritaires pour l’avenir.

    Le Livre blanc a conforté l’armée de l’air dans l’ensemble de ses missions tout en procédant à une réduction de son format. Afin de respecter son contrat opérationnel, elle doit concentrer ses efforts autour de deux axes : la modernisation des moyens pérennes et l’adéquation des équipements nouveaux au juste besoin, tout en ayant soin de mesurer systématiquement le rapport coût-efficacité. J’espère que ce sera la ligne de conduite de la prochaine LPM, qui devra prendre un certain nombre de décisions en matière capacitaire, donner aux armées les moyens de les réaliser et de s’y tenir.

    Les priorités s’imposent d’elles-mêmes :

    Il s’agit tout d’abord de consolider l’aviation de combat, autour du Rafale F3 et de la remise à niveau des Mirage 2000 D et 2000 N, afin notamment de tenir la posture de dissuasion aéroportée, avec les deux escadrons équipés du missile ASMPA, et d’atteindre d’ici à 2015 l’objectif fixé par le Livre blanc d’un parc unique de 300 avions de chasse polyvalents, dont 270 en ligne. Pour conforter dans l’avenir la supériorité du Rafale au combat et ses chances à l’exportation, la France doit également s’engager rapidement dans la commande de missiles METEOR.

    Il convient ensuite de renouveler les moyens de l’aéromobilité, avec les programmes A400M et MRTT. Je ne reviendrais pas ici sur le retard de l’A400M, et ses causes, nous en avons beaucoup parlé. Je veux toutefois apporter mon soutien à cet avion, qui sera très utile aux armées lorsqu’il sera livré, et insister pour qu’en attendant, nous trouvions une solution qui nous permette de réduire notre déficit capacitaire en matière de fret. J’ai eu l’occasion d’évoquer l’acquisition, ou la location, d’A 330-200 en version cargo, rapidement disponibles, et qui pourraient ultérieurement être « rétrofités » en MRTT.

    Enfin, dans le cadre de la fonction stratégique de « connaissance et anticipation », il convient d’avancer dans l’équipement en drones. Le SIDM devrait enfin être opérationnel au début de l’année 2009 et faire son baptême du feu en Afghanistan, mais il s’agit d’un système intérimaire qui n’a pas vocation à durer au-delà de 2015-2016. Une décision doit être prise en 2009 si l’on veut éviter une rupture capacitaire.

    M. le président. Merci de conclure, monsieur Viollet.

    M. Jean-Claude Viollet, rapporteur pour avis. Je ne saurais conclure sans dire quelques mots sur le renouvellement de la flotte gouvernementale.

    Je ne conteste pas la nécessité de disposer d’un système de communications gouvernementales modernes, variées et sécurisées. Je m’interroge simplement sur la méthode utilisée pour passer commande, durant l’été 2008, de deux Falcon 7X et d’un A330, sans aucun débat budgétaire préalable. Alors que l’armée de l’air souffre de carences capacitaires avérées qui menacent la réalisation de ses contrats opérationnels, je voudrais être certain que le renouvellement de la flotte d’avions à usage gouvernemental ne se fera pas au détriment d’autres équipements, tout aussi prioritaires pour la nation.

    La commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées, à la sagesse de laquelle je m’en étais remis, a majoritairement émis, le 28 octobre dernier, un avis favorable à l’adoption de ces crédits. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe SRC et sur plusieurs bancs du groupe UMP.)

    M. le président. La parole est à M. François Cornut-Gentille, rapporteur pour avis de la commission de la défense nationale et des forcées armées, pour l’équipement des forces, pour cinq minutes.

    M. François Cornut-Gentille, rapporteur pour avis de la commission de la défense nationale et des forces armées, pour l’équipement des forces. Monsieur le président, monsieur le ministre, mes chers collègues, pour tenir compte de l’environnement international comme de la réalité financière, le Livre blanc a procédé à des réajustements significatifs pour l’équipement des forces. L’objectif demeure néanmoins très ambitieux et c’est lui qui justifie la réorganisation dans les années à venir de notre défense.

    Pour 2009, les autorisations d’engagement passent de 10,7 milliards d’euros à près de 21 milliards, soit une hausse de près de 95 %. Quant aux crédits de paiement, ils progressent de 7,7 %, passant de 11,3 milliards d’euros à 12,2 milliards d’euros.

    Dans les commandes majeures, on trouve soixante exemplaires du Rafale et 16 454 équipements FELIN. Il faut également insister sur la commande du deuxième sous-marin nucléaire d’attaque Barracuda et de trois frégates FREMM.

    Enfin, pour l’armée de terre, on peut souligner les commandes de cinquante-trois véhicules à haute mobilité, de 332 VBCI, de cinquante véhicules de transport logistiques et, enfin, la commande de vingt-deux NH 90 qui aurait dû intervenir en 2008.

    En ce qui concerne les livraisons, il faut principalement signaler deux aéronefs spécialisés dans le recueil du renseignement électromagnétique, huit Tigre, soixante-quinze torpilles MU 90, quatorze Rafale, trente-quatre canons Caesar, une deuxième frégate anti-aérienne HORIZON ainsi que plusieurs équipements d’information et de communication particulièrement utiles en opération.

    La pression sur le MCO, qui voit ses crédits passer de 2,2 milliards d’euros à 3 milliards, demeure extrêmement forte.

    Je souhaite pointer du doigt quelques difficultés d’inégale importance sur les équipements.

    Tout d’abord, l’absence de décision concernant les MRTT risque, si elle se prolonge, de peser sur les capacités françaises de dissuasion. De la même manière, on semble repousser encore davantage les décisions concernant les drones. Enfin, dans le spatial, le discours très volontariste du Livre blanc n’a pas encore sa véritable traduction financière.

    Plus grave, les déboires sur le programme décisif de l’A400M se révèlent chaque jour plus importants. J’ai vu, monsieur le ministre, que vous vous engagiez fermement pour sortir de l’ornière. Je voudrais que vous puissiez non pas nous rassurer mais nous dire la vérité sur ce programme. À ce jour, y voyez-vous plus clair sur les capacités de l’industriel à produire l’avion, et dans quel délai ? Êtes-vous assuré de la détermination de tous les partenaires européens à faire aboutir le programme ? En quelques mois, les problèmes techniques rencontrés sur l’A400M ont dégénéré d’abord en problèmes opérationnels pour nos armées, puis en problèmes industriels. Aujourd’hui, ils prennent une dimension politique. J’aimerais que vous nous fassiez le point sur cette question.

    Enfin, sur le MCO, la fidélisation des personnels constitue un sujet d’inquiétude. La réforme actuelle donne les moyens d’engager la déflation des effectifs. Elle n’apporte aucun outil pour maintenir les compétences nécessaires. Je voudrais insister sur le fait que plusieurs états-majors sont préoccupés sur cette question.

    Par ailleurs, je souligne que le bon déroulement de la programmation militaire est largement conditionné par une série de cinq facteurs qu’il importera de suivre au fil des mois, étant entendu que le poids de la crise financière pèsera certainement sur ce budget.

    L’exécution du budget 2008 est décisive et l’importance des reports à l’aube de 2009 sera une première indication sur notre capacité à tenir la ligne annoncée.

    Le budget 2009 prévoit 1,6 milliard de recettes exceptionnelles, fondées notamment sur les recettes immobilières, principalement la cession de l’îlot Saint-Germain. Pouvez-nous confirmer, monsieur le ministre, qu’elles seront au rendez-vous ? Si ce n’était pas le cas, quelles en seraient les conséquences ?

    Je me réjouis que l’on progresse encore dans la budgétisation des OPEX. Néanmoins, quelques incertitudes demeurent, notamment sur notre capacité à effectuer quelques retraits pour être crédibles budgétairement.

    L’autre point décisif sur le programme, c’est évidemment l’importance de l’export pour trouver l’équilibre sur certains programmes, je pense en particulier au FREMM et au Rafale.

    Enfin, depuis août, les Français ont compris que nous étions engagés en Afghanistan dans des opérations à haute intensité. Il est évident que c’est à la lumière de cette réalité que nous devons suivre le programme 146.

    M. le président. Merci de conclure, monsieur Cornut-Gentille.

    M. François Cornut-Gentille, rapporteur pour avis. Cela m’amène à faire, pour conclure, monsieur le président, deux propositions sur lesquelles je souhaite recueillir, monsieur le ministre, votre réaction :

    D’une part, renforcer le contrôle du Parlement dans le recours à la procédure dérogatoire d’acquisition pour urgence opérationnelle. En 2008, 100 millions d’euros seront dépensés dans ce cadre. Je pense qu’il est normal d’avoir une information sur le sujet.

    D’autre part, moderniser les procédures de validation opérationnelle pour garantir à la fois la rigueur de leur évaluation mais aussi leur plus grande réactivité lorsque le besoin opérationnel se fait pressant. Guy Teissier, le président de la commission de la défense et des forces armées avait insisté sur deux sujets sur lesquels les termes du débat ne sont pas d’une clarté absolue, à savoir le Tigre et le FELIN. (Applaudissements sur les bancs du groupe UMP.)

    So if the official voice of the lawmaker say it is a great programme and rafale main customer (AdA) is delighted with the aircraft (whatever you may think, disagree etc)…It means that the rafale programme will be supported by the french governement. So it won’t be a failure…Being a one nation lead programme is sometimes an asset…

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