jawadhow many Torpedoes U-212 and U-214 can carry
is 24 a correct number?
http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/type_212/specs.html
24 STN Atlas Elektronik DM2A4
jawadSaab 2000 AEW&C prepares for duty
By David Donald
July 14, 2008
Aircraft
On April 30, Saab achieved a significant milestone with the first flight of the Saab 2000 Erieye airborne early warning and control (AEW&C) aircraft, developed under Project Horizon for the Pakistan air force. The two-hour flight from Linköping, Sweden, was used to check out general handling and aircraft systems, and encountered no problems. The maiden flight came a month after the aircraft was officially rolled out in front of Pakistani commanders.
Pakistan first contemplated the acquisition of an AEW system in the early 1980s, when Soviet and Afghan air force aircraft regularly intruded into Pakistani airspace. Other priorities, and the later U.S. arms embargo, meant that the requirement went unfulfilled. However, events in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks–plus ongoing tensions with India–placed renewed emphasis on the AEW requirement.
Pakistan selected the Erieye in 2005 and later revised the initial requirement for six platforms to five as a cost-reduction measure. It is buying a complete surveillance package, including ground-based systems, logistics support and mission training systems.
The Saab 2000 AEW&C is the latest iteration of the Saab Microwave Systems Erieye concept. The five-operator system has increased command and control capabilities, including the Swedish Link-E system.
The radar itself, which consists of 192 transmit/receive modules, has been improved with an extended early warning mode and the ability to spot hovering helicopters. Coverage has been increased to two 150-degree sectors (from 120-degrees, still with a 1-degree beamwidth), with range out to the horizon (typically 199 to 217 miles). The radar offers a fully fused air/sea capability, and can spot maritime targets as small as jet-skis.
Virtually all of the radar components have been replaced since the Erieye was first fielded in 1996, and all of the computer systems are COTS-based for cost-effective and rapid upgrade. Power output is around 20 percent greater than it was previously, although power requirements, and thus cooling, for the mission system have decreased by 30 percent. The effects of improvement can also be seen in a 53-percent reduction in system weight and 78-percent reduction in floor space. At the same time, computing power has increased a hundredfold.
Backing up the radar is a sophisticated Saab Avitronics HES-21 ESM/protection suite that uses interferometer antennas and digital receivers for highly accurate tracking and ranging of emitters. HES-21 data is fused with that from the radar to provide detailed tracking, and it can generate its own tracks at ranges greater than that possible with the radar. The system also includes a comprehensive self-protection function, automatically controlling the launch of chaff and flares.
Commuter on Patrol
The choice of basing Erieye on a regional airliner has obvious benefits in terms of high reliability, cost-efficiency and low maintenance requirements, but also offers significant mission benefits. The type’s hot-and-high performance is critical in the Pakistani operational environment. The aircraft has a balanced field length of 4,593 feet, allowing it to use many small airports, and it can reach 25,000 feet in 16 minutes.
Mission endurance is nine to 10 hours thanks to extra tanks in the cabin, and it can operate at up to 30,000 feet. At cruise power, the aircraft flies at about 340 knots, impressive for a turboprop. Using a 60-degree bank, the aircraft can complete a 180-degree turn at the end of a racetrack pattern in less than 30 seconds, with little interruption in track coverage.
Crew comfort is a consideration for long-endurance patrols, and through its active noise cancellation system, the Saab 2000 offers very low cabin noise levels. A 7,500-foot cabin pressure can be maintained at operational altitude. The Pakistani aircraft have a galley and rest area, with a mission display in the latter so that resting crew can stay informed of emerging situations. The flight deck is a very modern airliner-style working environment, with a six-tube Collins ProLine 4 electronic flight information system.
Erieye Conversions
Saab Aerotech performs conversions in its facilities at Linköping. For the first aircraft, the work took less than a year to complete. The conversion comprises several airframe structural modifications, including strengthening the upper rear fuselage to mount the Erieye radar.
The sensor is mounted higher than on the Saab 340 so it can “see” over the longer wings of the Saab 2000. The vertical fin is enlarged and strengthened to offset the aerodynamic effects of the radar and its support struts, while the wingtips are rebuilt and reinforced to carry antennas and chaff dispensers. The belly fairing is reworked and enlarged to mount elements of the self-protection system.
Although the aircraft are pre-owned, structural life is not a factor. The airliner was designed with an initial structural life of 75,000 hours, and on average, the fleet has used less than 20 percent. Based on typical use rates, the remaining life of the AEW&C is more than 35 years, with options for further re-lifing. Modification work on the second aircraft was already under way at the time of the rollout.
http://www.ainonline.com/news/single-news-page/article/saab-2000-aewc-prepares-for-duty/
jawadasaracen can you please tone it down and let go of it? I would really appreciate it.
Just a tidbit here. The Chinese AWE&C system for PAF is being refered to as ZDK-03.
Does anyone know which institutes are part of CETC? I could only find the 9th institue which mainly works with ferrites and their applications.
i think that ZDK-03 might be pakistan name of chinese AEWCS just like Fc-20 is for J-10
jawadLets see…
Pakistan
Infant mortality rate:79/1000 live births [2005 UNDP report]
Child mortality rate:99/1000 live births [2007 UNICEF]
Percentage of undernourished population: 24 percent[UNFAO-2006]
Literacy:49% [2006 UNDP]
Corruption:TI corruption report rank 142 along with Kenya,Kyrgyzstan,Nigeria,Sierra leone,Tajikistan.
Pakistan defence budget:12% of its GDP.
Pakistan expenditure on health:2.6% of its GDPIndia
IMR:56/1000 live births
CMR:74/1000 live births
% of undernourished pop.:20 %
Literacy:65.38%[2006]
Corruption ranking:TI tranking 70 along with Brazil China Egypt Ghana Mexico Peru Saudi Arabia SenegalIndian defence spending:2.5% of its GDP
Indian expenditure on health:5% of its GDPSo Mr asaracen,I guess you guys could lower the defence budget and spend it to educate people,saves children’s lives and not let corrupt government suck the blood out of poor hungry farmers:( .Not only does India spend more on its people than Pakistan but also less on defence[as a % of its GDP].And dont make stupid arguments about Pakistan has to compete…heh with such low spending on health/education how is your 49% educated soldiers going to be able to read chinese manuals:D or your average citizen compete with an average Indian citizen….lol.
[DONT TROLL.Try to stick to aviation topics]
wrong figures
Military expenditures – percent of GDP:
3.2% (2006; 3% 2007 est.)
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html
yet to check other super figure given by u
jawadOhh … I did’t see this PTV-video ! Do You have any captions or pictures from it … or even a link to that video ?
Thanks in advance, Deino
i was not able to capture the video and i dont think that PTV keeps these video on its site
And Missile fired from underwing was not clearly recognizable, they were talking about BVR capapability and first shot capability of JF-17 and then showed video+ and some PGM capability and a PGM being loaded when JF-17 was on ground
jawadI’m talking about Video 1 about the middle … and it’s clearly not from an underwing pylon, but from the wing-tip … even if the missile in flight after that cut seems to be a PL-12.
well video1 is clearly different from what was shown on PTV
jawad… but for my opinion this missile is a PL-5 as it is clearly fired from the wing-tip pylon … right thereafter then there’s a cut and the missile in flight seems to be a PL-12.
Anyway interesting to note that weapons tests have already begun !
Cheers, Deino
are you talking about PTV video?
in video shown on PTV missile was fired from underwing (atleast it appeared to me) and never shown in flight later on and same video was repeated twice while talking about BVR capability of JF-17
jawadFresh hot stuff! AVIC1 video clips released during Hong Kong international Airshow.
Clip1, you can see a lot of J11, J10, JH-7A, JF-17 in action I think one SD-10 BVR AAM was fired from the JF-17:
Clip2: AVIC1 established well connection with major aircraft manufactures, AVIC1 made parts are found in Airbus 380 and B787.
Clip3: ARJ21 and Y-10, MA60:
Clip4: J11 & WS-10A turbofan engine and other fighters like J10 manufactured by AVIC1
yesterday PTV also showed a JF-17 firing a missile( during a report on PAF) when commentator was talking about the BVR capability of the JF-17
jawadParis Air Show 2007
Industry To Sell Upgraded French Mirage F1s to Export Customers
Aviation Week & Space Technology
07/02/2007, page 49Joris Janssen Lok
Le BourgetSagem and Thales capitalize on Moroccan F1 upgrade program
Printed headline: Modernized Mirage
Sagem and Thales are teaming with the French government to offer export customers surplus French air force Mirage F1 aircraft in a heavily upgraded configuration.
That configuration capitalizes on the F1 upgrade program for Morocco that’s currently picking up steam.
“If an air force acquires these modernized aircraft, plus some of the weapons that we’ll be offering, it will get operational capabilities comparable to those of new fighter aircraft, except at one-fifth of the cost,” says Lt. Gen. (ret.) Jean-Pierre Rayssac. Formerly of the French air force, he is director of business development at Astrac, the joint venture set up by Sagem Defense Securite and Thales in November 2005 to run the 27-aircraft Moroccan F1 project.
Some 50-odd Mirage F1s are becoming available now that Dassault Aviation’s new Rafale fighter is beginning to arrive in the French air force’s frontline units. The F1s have flown 4,000-5,000 hr., but, according to Rayssac, would have a remaining life of 5,000 hr. “At an annual operating rate of 250 hr. per year or less, as is typical for most air forces, they are good for another two decades of operational service,” he says.
At Le Bourget, one of the French air force F1s was on display at the Sagem stand surrounded by an array of technologies incorporated in the Moroccan F1 upgrade program.
The core of the upgraded F1 comprises Sagem-supplied avionics, including two Dynamic central mission computers and a Sigma 95 laser gyro inertial navigation unit with integrated GPS receiver. The hands-on-throttle-and-stick glass cockpit features two multifunction displays, a Thales head-up display and a threat warning display.
The whole suite is integrated via a Mil-Std 1553B databus.
According to Thales, the Moroccan aircraft are receiving its RDY400 radar; for other customers, the proposed radar is the multi-mode, multi-target RDY3. Other Thales equipment for Morocco are the Damocles targeting pod, the PAJ-FA self-protection jamming pod with digital RF measurement technology, and a radar warning receiver.
New weapons to be integrated include MBDA’s MICA air-to-air missile (in radar- and infrared-guided versions) as well as Sagem’s AASM smart standoff precision-guided munitions family. (It’s also possible to integrate air MBDA AM-39 Exocet-launched anti-ship missile, although this is not part of the Moroccan plan.)
The Moroccan F1 project also involves a refurbishment and upgrade of the aircraft’s Atar 9K-50 engine, says Jean-Paul Bernard, deputy general manager of Snecma’s military engines division.
At Le Bourget, Sagem displayed three new variants of the AASM—a 125-kg. (275-lb.) version for use in urban environments, where collateral damage has to be avoided; plus a 500-kg. and a 1,000-kg. “deep penetrator” variant for large and/or hardened targets. These were in mockup form and have not yet been tested in flight. While the existing 250-kg. AASM would have a standoff range of “more than 50 km.” (30 mi.), the smaller and lighter 125-kg. variant would be able to hit targets that are “more than 70 km.” away from the launch point, Sagem says.
The heavier variants would have a shorter range; although for the 1,000-kg. version, a “specific range-extension kit” (different from the propulsion motor used by the other models) is to be employed.
In a closed-off area, Sagem showed a video of recent AASM live firing tests carried out by the French armaments agency (DGA). The most recent test, on Apr. 23 from a single-seat Rafale M, started with a single-weapon drop from an altitude of 7,000 meters (23,000 ft.) against a target 85 deg. off-boresight at a distance of 10 km.
The same aircraft then performed a ripple firing of three AASMs from 6,000-meters altitude against targets located 60 and 30 deg. off-boresight, 20-25 km. away. Both events took place at Mach 0.85 and resulted in hits “with the expected accuracy.”
In December 2006, a Mirage 2000N launched an AASM (in this case, relying only on GPS/INS navigation) against a simulated runway target from an altitude of just 1,000 ft. at 550 kt. and during a 5.5g turn. The video showed the weapon impacting vertically on the target cross. According to Sagem officials, AASM can hit a target at an impact angle of 45-90 deg.—implying that (near) horizontal impact profiles (required for podium-shaped targets) are not possible. Two versions are now in production—one with GPS/INS plus imaging infrared guidance, and one with just GPS/INS. Development work is underway to also incorporate laser guidance and an inflight data communication capability.
A computer simulation showed a future version capable of receiving (in flight) continuous target-coordinate updates from an orbiting Sperwer-type UAV, allowing the weapon to locate and attack moving vehicles. “If the vehicle is moving within a certain velocity bracket, the AASM can engage it with a 95% hit probability,” a Sagem engineer says.
The UAV to AASM communication link would be based on an omnidirectional antenna on the UAV transmitting in a “certain frequency bandwidth and out to a certain range,” the engineer says, declining to be more specific.
During flight, the forward section of the AASM guidance kit remains stabilized so that the GPS receiver antenna is always facing upward. The aft section can rotate around the longitudinal axis to make course corrections. The weapon’s propulsion motor can burn for up to 30 sec. Whether it is activated (and for how long) is determined by the weapon’s computer, based on where the target is relative to the launch point and altitude, Sagem says.
does any one here have information about the RDY-400 and RDY3???
jawadNone of these are antiship missiles. Not yet anyway. The US could have fielded Condor back in the 70’s but decided it wasn’t worth the $$$. Faster than Brahmos and with a bigger warhead yet because of it’s relatively light 2100lbs could have easily been carried in multiples by the A-6, A-7, and F-14. Talos could be used in the antiship role (as could Terrier, Tarter, and Standard) but not as a skimmer back then.
i am not looking for debate between subsonic and supersonic missiles only but also want to discuss why US and NATO and their allies went for subsonic antiship missiles when they have technology to build supersonic antiship missiles as pointed out by sferrin
jawadDue to limitations in Soviet naval power.
Unlike the Soviet air forces and Soviet army, the Soviet naval surface fleet (as opposed to the Soviet submarine fleet, which was a different matter) was considerable less well equipped and smaller than the NATO forces. It was probably felt that the provision of supersonic anti-ship missiles would somehow address this imbalance.
So they thought that supersonic anti-ship missiles are better then subsonic anti-ship missiles?
jawadPakistan wanted the F-16s also because it is familiar with the system and has developed an infrastructure that includes trained pilots and maintenance and servicing facilities. i am just saying that J-10 was choosen under a different requirments then that of F-16 😮
As for EF-2000, it’s just a rumour that’s been flying around amongst Pakistani internet warriors for several years.
And EF-2000 deal fell due to delivery date and time of payments related problems-PTV (Pakistani govt Controlled TV)
jawadcan any one help me about the empty weights and % of composites material in PV-1/2/3/4/5 and limited series production Tejas ???
jawadThis is very old article which was published before the JF-17 came in PT-4 version and F-16 deal went through after USA cleared the weapons like the AMRAAM etc and F-16 C/D Block 52+
It was in fact Fc-20 (J-10) which was used to put pressure on the USA.
PAF’s new air chief said after the deal of F-16 went through that PAF will buy a new 4th Generation jetfighter from west other then the F-16 being bought from the USA
At the same time PTV in its news showed how EF-2000 is better then F-16 and will be suited for the PAF’s future requirements. And said that PAF is in negotiations with the EU for its sale to it
And F-16 number was reduced due to the tragic earthquake in Northern areas and AJK not due to J-10
jawadthat’s because they just started negotiating on buying the plane. But the stuff with plus one requirement and J-10 winning is well known, I have the JDW article where PAF ACM admitted this. Do you want me to post it?
That would be helpfull:rolleyes:
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