Having spent more than a couple of years working for an aircraft manufacturer I can assure you that detailed studies of an airline’s route network and suitability for the aircraft are made by the manufacturer prior to a sale. These would include airfield performance, taking into account weather – wind, temp, surface condition; range with all the variations and challenges outlined above; economics with fuel burn, atc and airport costs etc. and more.
Guarantees would be provided by the manufacturer that their aircraft would be capable of operating to and between specified airports and any limitations would be noted.
The oft quoted max or typical range of an aircraft is nothing more than a very rough guide to start your investigations into possibilities.
Try to get hold of a book ‘The Airline Business’ by Rigas Doganis which would give you a good background knowledge of these things.
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