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Schorsch

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  • in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2552304
    Schorsch
    Participant

    There seems to be no authoritative account of the radars performance or ability…compare and contrast to how open the Russians are with their details. 🙁

    I would go so far and say the stated figures are falsified/inaccurate to the point, that comparisons become guesswork. So the discussion here about a 10% performance advantage seems strange. I accept that one can distinct between radar generations and basic performance figures, but discussing tracking ability sounds a bit bold. By the way, in a heavy ECM environment the actual radar range will be much lower, and how the radar can cope with jamming is a totally different thing hardly accessible via internet (and no matter who you ask, everybody knowledgable will go mute, knowing that those infos are real game-changers).

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2552630
    Schorsch
    Participant

    Internal fuel is 5000kg as others have already mentioned. But you have to explain me how 3* 1000l fuel tanks will double the range. Thats 2400kg of external fuel, or about 1500kg of fuel that translates into range. If we allow 500kg reserve on internal fuel, the external fuel will increase range by ~33% (1500kg / 4500kg).

    Figure given by a pilot. Possibly he had false numbers or gave wrong numbers on purpose. When I look at my calculation above, 4000km as absolute maximum range seems feasible.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2552633
    Schorsch
    Participant

    If that’s full tanks then the Typhoon fuel load, as a fraction of empty weight, is a little less than that of an F-18E. But we’re talking a few percent, not a major difference.

    The range of the F-18E is reported to be below expectations and actually you hardly see any without at least one external tank. “One man, one bomb, one hour”* :diablo:

    But comparing fuel fractions hits the limit here, as the drag is probably not comparable. We also have to consider the mission. An Eurofighter on CAP mission with one singe tank and 4MRAAM & 2IRAAM will have pretty low drag (supercruise capability), so that a rather useful range can be expected.

    Let’s assume 5000kg internal and 800kg external (=1000l).
    Of that we consider 1400kg as take-off to 35.000ft and (conservative) reserve, the rest is cruising.
    So we get (5800-1400)=4400kg for cruise.
    Lift over drag is estimated at 8 (my personal guess), the SFC of the EJ200 at M0.85/35000ft is set at 0.85 kg/(daN*h).
    TOW is 10000kg (OEW) + 5800kg (Fuel) + 1000kg (Weapon) = 16800kg. Actual fuel fraction is then .345.
    Cruise time is then 4400kg *1/(14250daN/8 * 0.85kg/(h*daN)) = 2.9h (Brueget equation, average flight weight)
    Range is then 2.9h * M0.85 * 305m/s * 3.6 = 2710km.
    Radius is then 2710km/2 = 730nm
    When we include a burner time of 4 minutes
    @36kft and M1.2
    @SFC of 2.0
    @Thrust of 0.5 * static sea level (=0.5*2*90kN) (rough estimate of installed thrust at given altitude and speed when in full afterburner)
    4/60 h * 2.0kg/(h*daN) * 9000daN = 1200kg (equals fuel flow of 18tons/hour)
    Remaining cruise fuel is then 4400 – 1200 = 3200kg
    Radius (excluding take-off distance) is then 530nm.

    One can see that per one minute of burner the radius shrinks by 50nm. One minute afterburner equals 180km range. Quite impressive, but from my limited experience a quite reasonable number.
    —————————————————-
    (* Navy saying over the F-18A/C )

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2552860
    Schorsch
    Participant

    The Eurofighter Typhoon had most modern test and monitors like integrated error message and – isolation, automatic system-monitoring device as well as automatic error transmission to the basis still during the flight. The self check ability of the system indicates 100 per cent of all flight safety-relevant errors and ensures a maximum error rate of five per cent. That is in the comparison with other weapon systems an extremely small permissible error rate.
    [/B]

    To be fair, the Eurofighter is still far away from being a mature system. German Air Force had severe headaches with this test software and some systems are not really 100% reliable. I expect increasing maturity over time. The problems, however, seem to be mostly related to lack of experience and no serious design flaws have been uncovered. But information regarding this is scarce. The British still have to tprove that they can run their aircraft completely independant of BAe Systems.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2552863
    Schorsch
    Participant

    What is the Typhoons unrefueled range in combat configurations? I have read it carries 4500 kg of fuel, this seems fairly low for a medium twin engined fighter? The SH is something like 7000kg if I remember right?

    From reading through the posts I guess comparing the Typhoon to the Rafale is probably a good benchmark it which to judge each aircrafts relative capabilities.

    Combat radius with weapons (a2a) and some burner-time is about 300nm. With 3 external tanks (still leaves 10 AAM slots) the combat radius is about 600nm. Unrefueled range without weapons is 1200-1500km clean and about 4000km with full external tanks. The last two figures are “all-in” numbers, means no reserves and hardy operational.

    Internal fuel is 4500kg, so at a standard a2a mission TOW of 15,000kg the fuel fraction is about .28-.29. That is better than most F-Teens. The low drag of the Eurofighter will allow a few nm more than on other fighters will comparable fuel fraction.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2552976
    Schorsch
    Participant

    Hmm, so overall, the Typhoon is nothing ground breaking in terms of basic BVR performance vis a vis contemporaries like the Rafale or even the legacy jets like f16b52/f18e/M2k-5/MiG29M/35. I dare say it (even with the AESA) would be hardpressed A2A against an Irbis equipped Su 35 or even a Bars equipped MKI. My guess is that the Typhoon is comparable to the Rafale, F18e/f or the MiG 35 or the F16b60 in most criteria (range, TWR, payload, RCS, radar range etc), better in some, worse in others. It would have a distinct edge when compared to the f16 blk 50+/MiG 29M/ M2k-5. To summarize:

    The E-3 (B707 AWACS) fitted with 20 Phoenix missiles in an internal weapons bay would make a decent BVR-fighter, too. An F-4 fitted with newest radar and AMRAAM would also be a decent BVR-fighter. What does it need to be a decent BVR-fighter?
    Actually, from that perspective, the RAF should have kept their Tornados.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553036
    Schorsch
    Participant

    You seem to forget one thing.. That Raptor has a combat score of some 350:1 against F-15s 😉 or was it 3478:1? I seem to have lost thetrack in counting long ago..

    And the F-15 has a combat record of 100:1 against various opponents (I now that no air2air-loss was officially accounted so far, but I can’t divide by zero, so I admit one loss).
    When one F-15 is lost for 100 opponents, but one F-22 equals 350 F-15s, we can derive using simple mathematics:

    350/1 * 100/1 = 35000/1

    So the F-22 will have a combat record of 35000:1, or basically one F-22 can shot down ALL FIGHTERS IN THE WORLD. 😉 That brings me back to quote from American general Furgerson who followed an early presentation on the superiority of the F-15: “Ben, if I believed your story – which I don’t – but if I did – well, then we’d only need three F-15s: one in Europe, one in the Pacific, and one in the US to train in.”

    By the way: how many AMRAAM are in the inventory?

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553041
    Schorsch
    Participant

    No such article?

    Not on Page 30, Aviation Week and Space Technology, March 5, 2007.

    “Seeing Red: F-22s, Red Air battle in Nevada as stealth, anti-stealth tactics clash.”

    Not written by David A.Fulghum and Amy Butler.

    And it doesn’t say:

    “But if the Red Air know when you’re going to shoot, they stay away and then at the last moment do an exploding canataloupes or a screaming gerbil with some going cold to the beam [to find the Doppler notch], or down to the deck to hide in the terrain clutter and entice you down to where they can get at you.”

    The F-22 is surely a great aircraft, but has to live with limitations Lockheed Martin cannot do anything about it. For example

    • Pilot’s ability to grasp the situation. Sensors help, but against a skilled opponent his technical advantage might vanish
    • The “Heat of Battle” with unpredictable situations, fear, tactics and so many other influences. Least expectable is that an opponent behaves like a grateful BVR-target. Like the article shows, there are tactics to counter the BVR-advantage
    • Numbers: An F-22 has limited number of missiles and cannot shoot in all directions at one time.

    This is true for all aircraft. An F-15 against 4 MiG-21 is also tough, or one MiG-29 against 4 F-104G, or an air2air configured F-4D against MiG-17.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553045
    Schorsch
    Participant

    It might be that a clean Su-34 has a lower RCS than a loaded Typhoon, but ….

    Better make it this way:
    [ATTACH]151327[/ATTACH]

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553136
    Schorsch
    Participant

    Negative. Nominal a lot of gains. F-1C/Atar9K to F-1E/M53.
    The F-104S with stronger J-79 did work. The F-1 to SM95.
    All myr “tries” did not work at all, like the R-12 or PW1120 for the F-104.
    The Israelis had a hard time to adapt the Mirage5/Kfir for the J79E.
    The Super Phantom with PW1120 showed superior flight performances, but that were the least important gains in the 80s. All F-4 user with upgrades did stick with J79s.

    I think the associated costs were a stron issue. The refit with a modern turbo-fan may bring advantages, but as you said it is no plug’n play. The J79 did see lots of improvement over its life-time, but the thrust to weight of modern engine is much better.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553230
    Schorsch
    Participant

    TYphoon RCS:
    Lots of talk about relatively LO a/c. Seen values from 0.01-0.5 msq clean config on the internet. Anything authoritative, whats the forum opinion?

    Surely no source, but a pilot said that head-on the RCS is very low and the Eurofighter is hard to detect.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553261
    Schorsch
    Participant

    When I was younger and had much less knowledge I tried to figure out, how a F-104 may have performed with a newer/stronger engine. Just looking at the sunny side from that. I have no real reason to blame someone for similar thougts today. But there was no internet to learn from other people with different thougts about that too.

    And what were your results?
    I think a stronger engine make sense in some respects, even more so when the turbo-jet is replaced by a more fuel efficient engine of current technology. The gain in speed is low and may even be negative in some areas, but lower fuel burn can be achieved. The surplus power helps under some conditions. Fact is that thrust today comes at a much lower weight price than in the J79-times.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553555
    Schorsch
    Participant

    Trim-drag!

    But I doubt that the Eurofighter shifts fuel when going supersonic. The relaxed stability (or incase of the Eurofighter the unstable configuration) allows to optimize the CG for trans/supersonic operation and achieve “artificial stability” below M1. The unstable configuration is important to achieve supercruise. Take a look at F-16 and F-18, which both have good thrust/weight with comparabe engine and inlet. It is the few percent more here (thrust) and few percent less here (trim-drag, front-drag, inlet-drag) to achieve supercruise. When an aircraft gets over M1, M1.3 to M1.5 a no real problem, especially as the thrust increases with speed.

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553604
    Schorsch
    Participant

    Some smart aircraft like the former Lavi had an intelligent tankage-system, which allowed for optimum flight drag, by shifting fuel related to flight conditions. I remember about the Concorde too. The real secrets are to find under the skin of modern aircraft.

    A CG-sensitive aircraft like the Eurofighter sure has that, too. Actually, you need something like that to keep CG within the specified region. The drag is secondary, but control is more important. By the way, every Airbus rolling of the line has a similar system. When everybody sleeps in an A380, the fuel pumps are surely awake (and shifting!). The HTP fuel tank is for no other prupose on most civil airliners, and the A380’s HTP eats 20 tons (3+ times Eurofighter full internal fuel).

    in reply to: What makes the Typhoon so special? #2553714
    Schorsch
    Participant

    No, I am sorry but TWR is not the end all single factor as to if an aircraft can super cruise or not, far be it, although, if I remember correctly didnt the Concorde have to use AB extensively to get on step??

    Especially as you will hardly get knowledge of the TWR of Eurofighter, Rafale or F-22 at M0.9 to M1.2.

Viewing 15 posts - 2,521 through 2,535 (of 3,480 total)