I wouldn’t say cat launch is inherently superior to ski jump. cat launch is certainly not the “gold standard” (you are not one of those gold bullion hoarder are you Roovialk?) It depends on your operational requirements. For small sea control aviation carriers, whose mainly mission is ASW and limited air defense, ski jump is the logical choice without the cost and complexity of cat system. Soviets designed the Kiev and Kuznetsov classes mainly to defend SSBN bastions. The Russian aviation ships are essentially sea control ship combined with the armaments of missile cruiser in one hull. Ski jump is also the logical choice for their operational requirements. Large American strike carriers on the other hand are instruments of global imperialism. The typical missions of American carriers in today’s environment follow the pattern of aggressions against smaller weaker nations such as Iraq and Libya. For that kind of power projection operations, large cat equipped carriers are essential in order to generate large strike packages and sustain sortie rate. Without the heavies anti-ship batteries of Russian aviation ships, American style carriers also need the cat to quickly launch large anti-shipping strike package.
The Russian carriers starting with the Moskva class helicopter class and ending with the Kuznetsov were dead ends and for various reasons considered failures. The Russians realized this and were moving to US Navy style carriers such as the Ulyanovsk when the Soviet Union collapsed. See below. Note the cats on the angle
[ATTACH=CONFIG]224285[/ATTACH]
US Navy carriers are efficient. This is for various reasons. And both the PLAN and the Russians have come to that realization.
more like PLAN has no near term global imperialist ambition like the U.S. unfortunately, as Chinese capital spread around the world, the day when Chinese soldiers will be send to defend Chinese capital and died in foreign lands like the unfortunate American soldiers may not be too far away.
With requirements all over the globe China must make global commitments in order for Chinese society to continue to function. Just looking at the oil China MUST ship via sea from Africa tells the story. Any disruption in the Chinese oil lifeline would spell disaster for China. And your statement about “Chinese capital spread around the world” shows that you are aware of these vital commitments for China
There is actually a rumour that the PLANs first indigenous carrier may be STOBAR btw.
That’s because the PLAN is finding out that this carrier business is not as easy as it looks
=Blitzo
The entire notion that ski jumps are unable to launch fighters at MTOW is something perpetuated by every western defense outlet without a shred of evidence, and ignores the niggling fact that the Soviets test flew the Su-33 from kuznetsov at full load at the twilight of the Cold War.The only sacrifice a ski jump has is that it is more dependent on headwind than a catapult to get its fighters airborne (however this isn’t much of a problem because most carriers steam at about 30 knots into the wind during operations anyway), and the other challenge is that a ski jump will prohibit aircraft with lower TW such as fixed wing AEWC from reliably launching.
Your answer is simplistic. One key aspect of catapults over ski jumps or ramps as I refer to them is tempo. With cats you can install up to four and quickly launch four aircraft into the air. That is tempo. With the ramp you can only launch from the bow. I have never seen multiple ski jumps / ramps installed on any carrier. Have you?
But you have seen multiple cats. Thus you get more aircraft in the air faster. That helps when you are managing a strike against a high value target. See Alpha Strike for more (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_strike_(United_States_Navy)
Secondly there are no instances of other aircraft such as CODs or AWACS being launched by ramps.
So if the PLAN wants to be a second tier force then let them build future carriers with ramps. Those in the know will use cats.
There are other operational reasons to develop EMAL (no, China is not interested in steam cat). Inability to take off with MTOW is not one of them. Taking off from ski ramp is actually inherently safer than cat launch.
So name these “operational reasons”. Since the US Navy is the gold standard for carrier operations and the PLAN has wisely copied US Navy methods as the template for future carrier operations, this includes building a EMAL catapult. The various Chinese websites speak of building an EMAL captapult. This quote is just one of many:
“Major General Yin Zhuo does believe that China should make a great effort to bridge the generation gap with the U.S. in terms of military technology, and that the ideal result will be that no generation gap exists between China and U.S. He pointed out that China’s aircraft carrier will also gradually follow the path of technical revolution, creating an information based vessel with an electromagnetic aircraft launch system, and a comprehensive electronic system”
So why isn’t the PLAN speaking about installing ramp based takeoff systems for their future carriers?
If the future of carrier operations for the PLAN is ramp based takeoff systems then why did Central Military Commission of the PRC decide to pick Ma Weiming (马伟明) for development of an electromagnetic catapult for future aircraft carriers ?
If you want to play with the big boys you develop cats. If you want to stay in second place you use the ramp. Hope that clears things up for you.
Based on what? other than your biased opinion.
This is based upon evidence that the Russians and the PLAN are developing catapults for their future carriers. Ask yourself this question: If the ramp method for takeoffs was so good then why is the PLAN working hard to develop steam and EMAL launch systems for carrier operations?
Well?
Also, I suspect you are under the impression that J-15 (and Su-33, Mig-29K) can’t take off with MTOW or something like that from a STOBAR carrier, I’d just like to point out that is incorrect and that they can, they only need either A, cruising headwind if taking off from one of the forward launch positions, or B, no headwind from one of the further back launch positions.
So in that sense, virtually the entire western defense community who judges STOBAR carriers for being “unable to launch planes at MTOW” is incorrect. I’ve never once seen a shred of evidence to back up their claim and it just seems like a fanciful prejudiced opinion to reassure themselves about the superiority of their own method. This of course ignores doing any experiments of their own to see whether a MTOW STOBAR launch is possible, and ignores the Russian demonstrations of this while the Su-33 and Mig-29K were tested on kuznetsov in the twilight of the Cold War….
Having observed the Su33 and Su25UTG operate from the carrier Kuznetsov I have no illusions about that class of aircraft’s limitations Especially the Su25UTG with its non-afterburning engines. However sacrifices will have to be made somewhere and that will most likely be in the amount of fuel carried by aircraft using ramp type takeoffs. Weapons loads or fuel: You cannot have both using the ramp.
…errr…… Having challenges in those areas is different to being unable to develop them into a fledged product, and WS-10A is already in service in large numbers, ya-dah ya-dah. These might have been problems ten years ago, etc etc.
I’m not sure where you pull these sources from btw. The only decent article I read on chinese engine development was from Andrew erickson a few years ago and even his write up had a few niggling inaccuracies.
(Oil leakage, really??? Lol)
This diagram shown was from an Andrew Erickson article. And regarding sources it was China Sign Post that posted articles that I drew from on Chinese engine development. It was China Sign Post that identified China’s lagging development of metallurgy processes to support modern engine development. And responses to posts made at SinoDefenseForum, a site you are quite familiar with, further support my claims of China’s attempts to overcome deficiencies in modern engine development. To wit:
“…Key weak points of the Chinese military jet engine industry include: turbine blade production and process standardization. Standardization and integration may be the one area in which the costs of China’s ad hoc, eclectic approach to strategic technology development truly manifest themselves. The Soviet defense industrial base failed in precisely this area: talented designers and technicians presided over balkanized design bureaus and irregularly-linked production facilities; lack of standardization and quality control rendered it “less than the sum of the parts.”
By the way, the statement “they lack elements of basic infrastructure” literally says nothing, you know that right? What is infrastructure in this case? How basic is basic? Define “lack,” does it mean an inability to produce engines on par with F119 and F135 or F110, or what? Specify “elements”.
No offense, but I’ve read enough of your posts to think that your understanding of chinese military matters is scant at best, so could you at least avoid the self assured confidence in your statements?
Your opinion is noted and logged. However wishing something can happen does not take the place of something manifesting in reality. China continues to struggle with problems producing alloys necessary for the production of modern jet engines. Further China struggles with quality manufacturing processes.
I base my assessment of Chinese engine development on facts such as those. Feel free to enlighten me on China overcoming these problems
—
If you really want to broaden your knowledge a little, go over to China defense forum
http://www.china-defense.com/smf/index.phpAddendum, engine news is nascent and immensely difficult to come by. That is why these details from various western sources, and also your own claim in that post, are cast with heavy skepticism.
Thanks for the link. I am familiar with the site. Since the proof of the pudding is in the eating I maintain by position on Chinese engine development until I see the deployment of an indigenous high-performance jet engine on a Chinese airframe. Until that time its all talk.
=Blitzo;2101221
Unfortunately the Liaoning isn’t operating with a full airwing yet so we can’t compare them. My entire point was that once we had sufficient data in the form of pictures, videos etc of them operating a full flight deck. My entire point was to wait two or three years before we have sufficient evidence to pass judgement, and also to give the crew sufficient time to get ready. Otherwise choosing such an early moment to judge is like making a toddler do algebra and decreeing it must be retarded because of it.
Speaking of the Liaoning and her airwing can you comment on this article. It is claimed the source was the Sina Military Network
http://www.defensenews.com/article/20130928/DEFREG/309280009/
Thanks to rajsunder from Bharat Rakshak…
vikramaditya has arrived (from ajai shukla’s blog)
Looks good and phase one seems complete.
^ +1, If it really were the case of the Chinese simply “stealing” and “copying”, the Russians would certainly not continue to deal with them, let alone continue to supply weapons under numerous defense contracts. The production of Soviet equipment during the early days was under very different conditions of “Stalinist” type Soviet policies, and it’s doubtful that could have continued after the collapse of the Soviet Union, where upon the new Russia would want to protect its IP and defense exports. And if it really were the case of the Chinese blatantly “copying”, why wouldn’t they copy something like the AL-31, or any other engine for that matter, since they’re having problems with developing their own family of engines based on a CFM core?
China has problems in the areas illustrated below regarding modern jet engine development. The point is that they cannot copy certain aspects of modern jet engines because they lack elements of the basic infrastructure. Even when examples of the engine they wish to copy are provided China still is unable to manufacture
[ATTACH=CONFIG]224229[/ATTACH]
[QUOTE=Jinan;2101212]
You said: and assumed cotton. I put it to you it is nomex. Why nomex? Because fire is clearly one of the worst hazards for ships in general, and these in particular.
I think the interesting bit is that although the USN is a navy which incorporates many features to reduce fire and explosion risks in their ships by design as well as in procedures, and although it is very well trained and experienced in this area, it still regularly suffers from this hazard aboard its carriers. I know a little about the soviet track record in this respect, with many of the flatdecked ships suffering major fires and explosions in their machine rooms. I wonder how China/Plan will do in this respect. Nomex gloves point to attention to fire risks.
Abrasion and cut injuries are more common on a day-today basis than fire. Hence leather work gloves
You may but why (apparently) assume I am unfamiliar with them (magazines as well as carrier operations)?
Are you?
Originally Posted by Blitzo
Oh okay, so is it only during flight operations that a helmet is the difference between life and death?
Pretty much. Think about it
So is the landing of a single helicopter equivalent to a full roaring flight deck?
Any time machines or aircraft are in motion full safety practices are in effect
And is loading a freakin AIM-9 on the wingtip rail of a fighter with none of your redshirts wearing a helmet is apparently okay then? I hope you can see that you are now deliberately twisting conditions inch by inch to suit your purposes for lambasting the PLAN for being unprofessional.
At this stage of their development how can you consider the PLAN carrier operations professional? What are you measuring it against? You said that you were going to look into how the PLAN / Liaoning carrier operators appeared when placed on the scale of navies who operate carrier.
What did you find?
For Jinan:
May I direct you to these links so that you may become more familiar with carrier operations?
Approach Magazine
Mech Magazine
Sea Compass Magazine
Decisions Magazine