So the fact that the US maintains 5-10 times the armed forces of the UK is irrelevant although it is solely opinion, the US has genuine threat scenarios to worry about and the UK does not. Iran is fighting a cold war against us through proxies in Iraq and Afghanistan (occasionally at home), but this is not a genuine threat scenario, even though we are struggling to find resources to meet this threat. Forces built up by other states (such as China and Russia) we are assured do not need a genuine threat scenario, they are non-hostile forces. Evidence of this is irrelevant. Evidence of shortages affecting capability and casualty levels in current operations is irrelevant and doesn’t represent a genuine threat scenario.
:rolleyes: :rolleyes: :rolleyes: :rolleyes: :rolleyes: :rolleyes: :rolleyes: :rolleyes:

Ignoring a point doesn’t mean you have ‘won’ a debate, it just means you haven’t learnt anything.

How rude!

Well I’ve made a start on your answer, but when you refer to yourself as ‘us’ and dismiss my argument before you’ve hard it, I’ve decided that you don’t deserve the effort I was prepared to put in to educate you. This is some unedit quotes and notes that were going to be more extensive and logically argued. I post them in case someone can put up with your abuse enough to state the case of a vital argument. That would be for the benefit of those of ‘us’ that aren’t you.

During 1989 the Berlin Wall was pulled down. An event that typifies the end of the cold war. UK defence spending

was just above 4% of GDP. By 1995 this had dropped by a quarter to a hair over 3% of GDP. This is what you might

expect from a peace dividend, but the cuts went further: 2.8% by the time New Labour got into power in 1997. Since

then they have brought defence spending down to almost half the level at the tail end of the cold war (2.2%).

For the UK armed forces generally:

Recruitment and retention are a constant problem. The low level of wages compared to similar professions where one

isn’t expected to risk your life so much. The poor standard of accomodation and support for families while you are

away on active service for months at a time. These cuts and delayed spending make shortages in manpower more

likely, which in turn mean that those in the services have to cover for the shortfall. Another cause for discontent

and lower retention.

===========================
Air Force

Aircraft

The airforce is short of transport helicopters and aeroplanes. While some 8 Chinooks have been adapted from a

failed special forces role and 6 Merlins bought from Denmark this doesn’t fill the shortfall. It is the best that

can be done at short notice. Other countries have placed orders that must be fullfilled prior to any more being

built for us. We are slowly adding to the C-17 heavy transport squadron, but again it is spending that should have

been made before a shortage arose.

===========================
Navy

Ships

Speculation has been rife all year that Royal Navy’s escort force is to be cut from a paper strength of 25

destroyers and frigates to just 20 – the four Cornwall-class Type 22 Batch 3 frigates plus one Type 23 frigate

being seen as the likely victims. The RN had 35 frigates and destroyers when Labour took power in 1997, and it’s

hard to see how the government’s interventionist foreign policy has reduced demands on the escort force. By

comparison the another island nation – Japan – feels the need to maintain a force of about 54 modern frigates and

destroyers despite its pacifist constitution.

A quick ‘surf’ through some other elements of bad news in 2007:

The Fleet Arm failed in its effort to re-establish 801 Naval Air Squadron due to a lack of qualified pilots, and

instead in March 800 NAS was officially renamed the Naval Strike Wing, this supposedly comprises of elements of

both 800 and 801 Squadrons – although equivalent in strength to just one 9 aircraft squadron

The struggle to find Harrier’s to occasionally embark on the the UK’s Strike Carrier (HMS Illustrious) has became

positively embarrassing, with the US Marine Corps, Spanish Navy and Italian all being persuaded to loan aircraft

and help the RN to maintain basic fixed wing carrier operating skills.

The reduction in the size of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary service continued, with RFA Brambleleaf and Oakleaf being

unexpectedly being laid up in 200, and RFA Fort Victoria going to extended readiness. This reduction is probably a

reflect of the generally low level of exercises and deployments that RN can currently afford to maintain.

The first Type 45 – HMS Daring – will not now be in service until November 2010 – three year later than originally

contracted, while the odds that two more units (i.e. the seventh and eighth of class) will ever be ordered for the

Royal Navy have sink close to zero. Also rumours that two of the six Type 45 destroyers (Defender and Duncan)

could be sold to Saudi Arabia that first surfaced in the summer of 2005 remain worryingly persistent – even the

implication that the MOD has authorised BAE Systems to offer these ships for sale is disturbing given the urgent

need to replace the ancient and nearly obsolete Type 42’s. It also remains unclear whether the MOD would order

replacements if they were sold, or whether the RN would end up with just four of the twelve Type 45 destroyers that

it had expected to get as recently as 2004.

Despite reductions in capability, the estimated cost of the six Type 45’s on order has increased to nearly £6.5

billion – i.e. about £1.1 billion or $2.2 billion each. It’s perhaps worth remembering that the American Arleigh

Burke design was quickly ruled out in 1999 as an option to replace the Type 42’s on the grounds that it was too

large and expensive, with a then sticker price of about $1 billion (£600 million).

The resignation of Minister of State for Defence Equipment and Support Lord Drayson in November on the implausible

grounds that he wanted to go motor racing in America. The reality seems that an argument with civil servants over

the procurements of the Army’s FRES was the final straw as he struggled to secure the funding needed to make the

next version of his well respected Defence Industrial Strategy (issued December 2005) reality rather than just

words. It remains to be seen whether the RN will still get the “drum beat” he promised of a new major warship

every year, and a submarine every 22 months.

Despite the interesting proposals of the S2C2 pathfinder study, progress on the Future Surface Combatant remained

snail like, currently amounting to just a few low value study contracts supervised by a team of just four dedicated

staff in DE&S. The last Type 23 frigate. HMS St Albans, entered service in 2002 and the current average age of

the RN’s seventeen frigates is just over 13 – acceptable but increasing rapidly. It now seems almost impossible

that the four Type 22 Batch 3 will replaced, even if they remain in surface until 2015-18 as is current the

official published plan.

The £200 million a year in funding robbed from the Royal Navy’s support budget in July 2004 was not restored in

2006/7 as planned, and the cumulative effect is that levels of equipment maintenance and serviceability are now

deplorable. Ships often either remain alongside or deploy with major systems non-operational – the later being

accepted on the basis that the system(s) in question were not vital for the envisaged tasking. Of course no

allowance is then being made for the unexpected.
– Navy Matters: Review of 2007 (c) Richard Beedall

The Royal Navy has seen massive cuts in capability. Even the one warship a year promised amounts to only 25

(eventually) from a level of 35 when Labour came to power.
===========================
Army

Cold War peace dividend cuts:

The collapse of the Soviet Union, ending the Cold War, saw a new defence white paper, ‘Options for Change’ produced. This saw inevitable reductions in the British armed forces. The Army experienced a substantial cut in its manpower (The ending of the Cold War saw a 40% cut in manpower, reduced to about 120,000), which included yet more regimental amalgamations, including two of the large regiments of the 1960s — the Queen’s Regiment and Royal Irish Rangers — and the third battalions of the remaining large regiments being cut. The British Army in Germany was also affected, with the British Army of the Rhine replaced by British Forces Germany and personnel numbers being reduced from about 55,000 to 25,000; the replacement of German-based I Corps by the British-led Headquarters Allied Command Europe Rapid Reaction Corps also took place. Nine of the Army’s administrative corps were amalgamated to form the Royal Logistic Corps and the Adjutant General’s Corps). One major development was the disbandment of the Women’s Royal Army Corps (though the largest elements were absorbed by the AGC) and their integration into services that had previously been restricted to men; however, women were still forbidden from joining armoured and infantry units. The four Gurkha regiments were amalgamated to form the three-battalion Royal Gurkha Rifles, reduced to two in 1996 just before the handover of Hong Kong to the People’s Republic of China in 1997.
– wiki rumour

Cuts will leave Army struggling in the sand
By Michael Smith, Defence Correspondent
Last Updated: 10:38pm GMT 24/11/2002

The deep post-Cold War cuts to Britain’s defences, which began in the early 1990s and have effectively continued under Labour through persistent under-funding, will leave Britain’s troops struggling to fight in Iraq.

An exercise in Oman last year turned into a near fiasco as piece after piece of equipment failed in the heat and dust of the desert, largely as a result of ill-considered attempts to save money.

A Daily Telegraph investigation has found that despite the possibility that British troops may soon be forced to fight in the desert, virtually nothing has changed and, again, the reason is money.

Commanders and civil servants have been told that they cannot make any preparations that will cost even moderate sums. The problems have been exacerbated by a more commercially orientated system of defence procurement whereby everything from tank spares to desert boots can be ordered only when needed.

Virtually nothing is stockpiled in a system that works for commercial companies with a steady flow of predictable business but is totally impractical for an army whose needs surge if it goes to war.

The best-known victim of the Saif Sareea II exercise in Oman was the Challenger 2 main battle tank. The Ministry of Defence ignored the advice of commanders that it had to be “desertised” to protect it against sand.

Half of the tanks deployed in the exercise were stranded within four hours of the start and the cost of replacing engines far exceeded that of modifications.

Yet the MoD is “still considering” whether to desertise tanks, even though Vickers, the manufacturer, has given warning that it would take up to three months.

The sand in Oman affected not only tanks. There were insufficient sand filters for armoured vehicles and helicopters. No new ones have been ordered.

Efficient anti-tank guided weapons will be absolutely crucial against the Republican Guard’s T-72 tanks. The current Milan system was originally due to be taken out of service in 1995.

A failed attempt to produce a joint European system and cost-cutting have delayed any replacement until 2005-6. Ageing rocket motors are now cracking, with the risk that the missiles could explode on launch.

The probability that Saddam Hussein will use chemical and/or biological weapons rather than face defeat is a concern. The Army does not have enough nuclear, biological and chemical (NBC) warfare filters for either armoured vehicles or soldiers’ gas masks.

During the Gulf war there were only enough supplies of NBC suits for one week of intensive combat but there are now even fewer than there were then. Both filters and suits are dependent on only two sources of high-grade charcoal, one in Ukraine, which is supplying arms to Iraq, and the other in America, which has blocked exports to equip its own troops.

Another of the problems thrown up by Saif Sareea II was the MoD’s decision that, to save money, it would not order desert uniforms and boots. Many troops bought their own. The MoD has ordered more desert clothing but not enough.

Other problems go back to the Gulf war.

The Army’s ancient DROPS ammunition supply vehicles and fuel tankers were incapable of keeping up with the troops and the tankers are prone to leaks. The FV432 armoured personnel carrier, which still forms the basis for many of the Army’s armoured command post vehicles, was also heavily criticised in post-Gulf War reports for failing to keep up with the advance.

The Scimitar armoured recce vehicle is also too slow as well as being under-armoured, under-gunned and lacking full night capability.

Delays and cancelled orders have also left the armed forces without any efficient communications systems. During the Kosovo conflict British troops had to use mobile telephones, operating on the Yugoslav network, removing even the very limited security their communications systems provide.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) will be vital for intelligence gathering. An upgrade of the Army’s Phoenix UAV to allow it to operate in hot weather was put off to save money.

Deep cuts to the forces’ medical services have left them desperately short of doctors and other trained staff. They will need to call up large numbers of reservists for any big operation in Iraq, putting immense strain on the NHS. Plans for 200-bed hospital ships costing £70 million were delayed last year.

-the Telegraph november 2002

The reduction from 40 to 36 battalions (10% of frontline infantry)

Defence Secretary Geoff Hoon has rejected claims from a top general that looming cuts will leave the British Army “dangerously small”.
Speaking on BBC One’s Politics Show, Mr Hoon said he did not share the views of former head of the Armed Forces Lord Guthrie, printed in a Sunday newspaper.

Lord Guthrie told the Sunday Telegraph that cuts due to be announced this week would leave it “dangerously small”.

But Mr Hoon said he thought the changes would leave the Army in better shape.

The proposed changes include cutting Scotland’s six single-battalion regiments to five and merging these into a super regiment, which may affect the Black Watch which has now returned from duties in Iraq.

Battalions cut

He said: “What we are trying to do is ensure our armed forces, and our Army in particular, are organised to face the challenges of the 21st century.

“The nature of the enemy has changed even in those five short years that I have been in this job.

“We have got to make sure, indeed it’s my obligation and responsibility, to make sure that our armed forces are equipped and organised to face the kind of challenges we face today, not those of a previous generation.”

Critics say cuts will affect the army’s ability to serve

The government is expected to announce this week cuts that will reduce the Army’s size from 104,000 to 102,000, with the majority of cuts amongst infantry troops.

Cuts are also expected for both the Royal Navy and The Royal Air Force.

The number of Army infantry battalions are expected to be cut from 40 to 36 – one from Scotland and three from England.

-BBC news december 2004

THE government is set to announce another round of drastic cuts to Britain’s over-stretched infantry as part of a radical shake-up of the Territorial Army, The Scotsman has learned.

At least one territorial infantry regiment is to be axed and three centres will be closed as part of the changes to be announced by John Reid, the Defence Secretary (as was), within the next two weeks.

Historic regimental names will disappear as the TA units are amalgamated into the new super-regiments that the government has deemed essential to the overall restructuring of the British Army.

In Scotland, that will mean that the Lowland and Highland regiments become the 6th and 7th battalions respectively of the Royal Regiment of Scotland. The plans, which will effectively see the part-time force merge into the regular army, is set to be every bit as controversial as the recent loss of four regular infantry battalions and the amalgamation of the Scottish regiments.

Many soldiers who signed up to serve as part-time infantry will find that their role has been abolished. Instead, the MoD intends to try to persuade them to take on new tasks to fill the gaping holes in its ranks of specialists left by previous defence cuts.

The timing could hardly be worse, with the infantry already pared down to the minimum required for operations and British troops committed indefinitely to Iraq and Afghanistan.

Mr Reid recently revealed that gaps between deployments for regular infantry units had shrunk to 21 months from the recommended 24 months.

Mr Reid is expected to announce the closure of a number of TA centres, leaving volunteers facing long journeys to training sessions if they want to remain in uniform. Many are expected to quit…

…The infantry is already stretched to the limits and has relied heavily on the TA to make up the numbers in Iraq, with about 11,500 soldiers deployed since the start of the war in 2003.

Officers and senior NCOs say that they have integrated well and have done much to rid themselves of the “weekend warriors” tag.

But the additional demands on its members have taken their toll on retention figures and about 13,500 have resigned in the same period.

Some have expressed concern about the length of deployments – up to nine months in some cases once training is included – and there have been problems with unsympathetic employers who have refused to keep jobs open for those who volunteer for duty.

-The Scotsman february 2006

Army manpower stands at about 98,000 (from 120,000 ten years ago)

pg commends that burden for the Big Five, which would protract the oddity of WW2 victors subsidising the losers.

Unless Japan and Germany were invited to join the permanent members? I take your point that it would be unfair to give them a free ride, but don’t they anyway at the moment?

I think there is a good argument for permanent members, of the UN security council, spending a minimum of 3% of GDP, per annum, on defence. You rarely if ever know when you are going to need defence, but on the UNSC you will need it. You can’t just snap your fingers and have a defence industry that will arm you overnight. The all butter and no guns argument is madness.

Sorry, so that’s CAMM not CAAM.

The UK Ministry of Defense is funding an MBDA study of future family of
‘anti-air’ weapons known as the Common Anti-Air Modular Missile (CAMM). The new weapon will utilize the airframe and some of the components used with the Advanced Short-Range Air-to-Air Missile (ASRAAM) and introduce advanced
and enhanced capabilities for aircraft currently deploying this short range, heat seeking missile. But CAMM will be aimed at more applications than AAM
enhancements. By meeting tri-service requirements, the new missile could be
used to replace existing weapons such as the land-based Rapier point-defense
missile system, and naval Sea Wolf missile. CAMM is expected to be available
for deployment from around 2018 onward, coinciding with the planned retirement of the SeaWolf system. Rapier systems are scheduled for retirement by 2020.

http://www.defense-update.com/events/2007/summary/dsei07_missiles.htm#c…

Aster 15 range 1.7–30 km (13km vertically)
CAMM range 300 m – 18 km
Bofors 57mm range 300 m – 17 km
Goalkeeper 30mm range 350 m to between 1.5 km and 2 km

Aster and Goalkeeper would offer the greatest range of air cover with minimum overlap, but a layered defence would include CAMM or the Bofors 57mm CIWS. I want both for a high value asset like CVF. If anything is going to be on the receiving end of a saturation missile attack it is an aircraft carrier.

Layered air defence for CVF

I’m sure the budget only runs to 20mm CISW from retired vessels, but I really think CVF deserves a proper layered air defence.

36 Aster15, 12 CAAM quad packs, 4x 57mm bofors and 4x 30mm goalkeepers 😀

This is yet another call for 3% of GDP

I think that the UKNDA have decided that repetition is the key to gaining the government’s ear. I really hope that they succeed. If they don’t, we might all be paying the price in blood.

Maybe this leak isn’t the UKNDA at work, but if there was no band waggon to hop aboard, would this leak have happened? Maybe. After all it is very important that we realise how bad things have got. 😮