Last one:

another one here- you can see the inlets clearly

There isn’t one, theres a pic of a “generic cruise missile” from the above-mentioned institute that is supposedly an earlier iteration of the Kh-101 design when it was powered by a propfan.

Obviously, the plasmas shield would only be ON when the radar ISN’T transmitting.

The radar antenna is reflective to radar, and so can be a major part of the RCS. So, when you aren’t using it, it is good to hide it!

The F-22 I think uses special materials for its radome to reflect certain frequencies while letting others through.

The first image is a “notional” future fighter produced by a Russian facility specialising in RCS reduction, indicating the range of RCS reduction techniques that could be applied. They were responsible for reducing the Tu-160’s RCS by a factor of 6 via fairly minimal changes, so they do have some real experience.

Their notional bomber and notional cruise missile were quite similar to possible designs for the T-60 and Kh-101, so it may have some relation to an early sketch of the PAK-FA.

Well Yakovlev were the only OKB to seriously investigate shaping as RCS reduction.

Look at this model of their MFI submission:

It seems a little flakey

Try refreshing the page a couple of times- worked for me.

Another translation from the website:

http://www.niip.ru/libr_sky7.html

PANDA” WILL FILL THE NICHE OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL BRLS DURING THE PERIOD OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RADAR SYSTEMS OF THE FIFTH GENERATION

S.D.Bodrunov, the Director-General OF OAO “corporation” aerospace equipment “,

Yu.I.Belyy, Director-General OF OAO the “Tikhomirov NIIP”
V.A.Tagantsev, the chief designer OF OAO the “Tikhomirov NIIP”

Yu.I.Zelenyuk, managing director OF FGUP “Ryazan instrument plant”

One of the most important tasks of the integrated structures in the defense- industrial complex, created in accordance with the federal special-purpose program of the reformation OPK of the Russian federation, affirmed by the decision of government Russian Federation from 11.10.2001 g. ¹ 713, and with the “principles of the policy of Russian federation over the field of development OPK for the period up to 2010 and further long term” (they are affirmed by the President RF, 30 October of 2001), appears the creation of the new samples of the armaments and military technology (VVT), which must compose the basis of the product number of these companies in the visible future and on base of which will be satisfied the demand both on the internal (within the framework of the performance of military doctrine RF and program of armaments RF) and on the external markets.

To solution of this problem by corporation “aerospace equipment” is paid paramount attention. The council of the directors of corporation more than two years was ago affirmed developed by the scientific and technical center of corporation with the participation of the board of the leaders of the enterprises of corporation the original mechanism of the creation of new samples VVT, which allows, from one side, to ensure the continuous cycle of works from the idea of new product (sample) to its introduction into the series production and the conclusion for the market, from other side, combine in the time the separate stages of this process. Furthermore, this mechanism allows each of the themes of news not in the detachment from each other, but within the framework of the united complex program of the creation of the board of new generation, which makes possible the use of a base of the foregoing periods and, being repulsed from it, to step by step modernize those existing, and then the newly created samples this VVT., in turn, it makes it possible to obtain the essential savings of time and material resources. The elements of this mechanism are: – the presence of the concept of control of the process of development and series production of new samples VVT, which implies the creation of the mechanisms, which ensure the maximum effectiveness of the enclosure of financial resources, the use intellectual of the resources worked by the piece, “connection in parallel” of separate traditionally “successive” stages;

the presence of the united coordination center (in role of which comes forward NTTS of corporation), which achieves in the corporation coordination of all works both on the development of new samples VVT (OKR) and of works on their introduction into the series production, and also on the technological modernization of production processes, used or planned to the application in the course of setting new articles to the production and for purposes of the organization of their subsequent series output;

the presence (as the mechanism of joining the interests of developers and series producers in the composition of corporation, from one side, and also the interests of different groups “developer – producer” between themselves, from other side) affirmed by the authorized control elements of the corporation of normative document (“the programs OF OKR and modernization of production”) – the continuously renewable and corrected information base, which is not only orientator for the council of the chief designers of corporation, but also directive document for the scientific and technical centre of corporation, for performance of which are concluded the agreements to OKR and their introduction and series tracking, financed by corporation directly, or agreements to the analogous works, concluded by the enterprises of corporation and controlled by scientific and technical center;

the presence (as the source of financing works) the “fund OKR and the modernization of the production”, whose completion is accomplished of three sources:

the purposeful deductions of corporation from centralized sales to production in the size to 5% of the volume of sales,

the deduction to “our own” developers from the side of the enterprises of corporation in the form of royalty,

the purposeful means of the customers OF OKR (ordered of the directly manager of the company corporation as well as of its design bureau and institutes); in this case the expense of the “fund OKR and of the modernization of production” is accomplished exclusively according to the agreements, concluded under the control of the scientific and technical center of corporation within the framework of the “programs OF OKR and modernization of production”; in accordance with the regulations of corporation the control of the expense of resources achieves council of chief designers headed by the design project leader of corporation.

Work on technology described above allowed corporation in recent years to obtain a number of good results. During 2000-2002 the enterprises of corporation proposed a whole series of new articles into the composition of the complexes of onboard equipment Su-27, Su-30, MiG-29, MiG-AT, Yak-130, K -52, etc. As a whole for this period of expenditure for OKR and modernization of production within the framework of the program indicated were exceeded by 95 million dollars OF THE USA, moreover the essential part of these means beginning with 2002 was directed to the purposeful financing of the development of large highly-expensive complexes and systems, and also to the technological modernization of the corresponding enterprises, in capacities of which it is intended to turn the production of the developed weapons systems.

Very significant in this plan is an example of the development of the new market product of corporation the “aerospace equipment” of airborne radar system (BRLS) “Panda”.

As is known, by the priority promising task, confronting the developers of domestic onboard airborne RLS (BRLS) and systems of control of armament (SUV), where by the basic element is BRLS, appears creation BRLS of the fifth generation with the active phased array, capable of solving a large quantity of tasks, determined for these BRLS.

One of the main criteria, which determine the success of the development of new BRLS and their series introduction, is the correct estimation of the periods of the development of design documentation, mathematical and software, conducting of entire complex of ground and flying tests, introduction into the series production and the output on the market.

The experiment of development BRLS and SUV and of conducting of entire complex of tests, acquired in NII º – SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE» and at the series plants, entering the corporation “aerospace equipment”, attests to the fact that the time, required for these works, value approximately constant, since with an increase in the productivity of finalizing mathematical, software and KD (that it becomes possible during the use of contemporary computational means and the application of a predominantly imported element base, contemporary systems of design automation and technological processes) extremely grows complexity and variety of the decided tasks of contemporary BRLS, and with the constant methods of conducting the ground and flying tests, where characteristic criterion remains human factor and the qualification of “Audit”, the periods of conducting and the cost of these tests become determining within the general periods of the development of design.

Thus, on the basis of the considerations given above and the past experiment, to expect full-weight series output BRLS of the fifth generation, even assuming the previous rates of conducting flight and ground-based tests and staging character of introduction into the operation, follows not earlier than 2010-2012 obvious what to shut the appearing temporary gap into 6-9 years, when in the operation, but because of this – and in the export proposals remain BRLS of the fourth generation, which must be finished under multifunctional BRLS of level 4+ or 4++, i.e. BRLS with the increased potential characteristic (to 40-50%) and with the possibility of engaging multiple targets simultaneously (quantity of targets depends on the type of antenna), and also the combination of work on air and ground targets (quantity of targets also it depends on the type of antenna).

In this case undoubtedly in the process of replacing 4th generation BRLS for the generation BRLS 4+ or 4++ it is necessary to remember about the integration of these BRLS into the structure of the existing onboard radio-electronic systems. The replacement of elements BREO, combined with the solution of the analogous problems of technical aging, just as the assumed replacement and the installation of new BRLS and their joining with old BREO conducts to an increase in the volume of tests and an increase in the periods of development.

Thus, with other equal characteristics BRLS of generation 4+ or 4++ most important and determining by characteristic for the successful completion of development becomes the volume of ground and flying tests, since the discussion deals with the period of time in 1-2 years, diverted for all types of tests in order “to shut” operational period from 2004 up to 2010 necessary to also have export potential in the same years, what is determining for the financial guarantee of creation BRLS and SUV of the fifth generation.

Selected with the scientific and technical centre of corporation in the close collaboration with the specialists GP “NIIP” as early as 2000 the version of the direction of the modernization BREO of aircraft Su-30 (Su-30MKK, Su-30MK2), and then aircraft Su-27 ensured the sequential growth of the combat potential of these aircraft. Without dwelling in detail about the stages of modernization BREO, one should only note that in all stages the modernization of onboard equipment BRLS of these aircraft (“RLPK N001”) organically was entered in the information field of new BREO, preserving in this case all necessary information flows and mating them with onboard equipment, not subjected to modernization.

It should be noted that the modernization of N001 on these aircraft it was proposed to conduct originally, uncommon – through the modification of electronic components, that it did not require the modification of basic software. This considerably reduced a quantity of required flights for conducting the flight tests, namely – the repeated flights, which require for evaluating the correctness of the modification of basic software.

The solution of this problem was based on the presence in BRLS N001 of information main for control of blocks BRLS from the central computer (BTsVM) Ts100 (should be noted the foresight of the developers OF BRLS N001, which for the first time in 70- X the years of past century used united information field BRLS, united under information main), which made it possible to build the multimachine computer complex, united under united information main. For the agreement of the information mains (but as the basic main in modernized BRLS Of N001 it is accepted the standardized main MPI, called in the world classification Q -bus) was developed the special block N001-04, which converts main MPI into the information main BTsVM Of Ts100 (MZ).

To the additional functions of the block Of N001-04 should be carried a number of commutation functions, including the commutation of sequential radial information lines if necessary for the realization of the new information protocols of connection with new onboard equipment.

Thus, in the process of the modernization BRLS Of N001 on the basis of the possibilities mentioned above and the solutions accepted was created the completely new onboard multimachine computer complex, united under united information main. This main is governed by the new contemporary BTsVM, in this case the type BTsVM of high value does not have, basic condition here – presence of all necessary channels of communications – MPI, the sequential radial lines of communications, multiplex, etc. In particular, in the practice NIIP were adapted different BTSVM on the basis of microprocessors Intel 486, MIPS R3081, R4000. By general in them, besides the requirements pointed out above, is the possibility of programming in the languages of the high level of the type C or C++. besides the task of control united information main in new BTsVM they are solved all additional tasks, necessary with the sequential stage of the modernization BRLS Of N001. software of “old” BTsVM Ts100, entering the new computer complex, it remains constant and, therefore, it does not require additional checkings and/or additional flights. In the general case in the process of the realization of the sequential stages of modernization were required three or four check flight for affirming previously the results reached, and remaining flights according to the flight test programs were conducted for the purpose of checking the new tasks, which were realized in new IN BTSVM.

This principle of modernization BRLS allowed while conducting of the tests of aircraft Su-30MKK to reduce the program of the flight tests Of N001VE of the first stage of modernization to 30 final flights, including the flights, carried out for purposes of the confirmation of fundamental characteristics BRLS and joining with the new information field and the new armament.

Let us note that this principle of modernization is maximally effective on the expenditures of resources and time, since, obviously, during the installation of new BRLS it would be necessary to conduct by an order a larger quantity of test flights according to the test program BRLS. It was clear that this way, for example, would tear away the periods of fulfilling of export contract on the delivery Su-30MK2.

The positive experiment, obtained during the modernization BRLS Of N001 in BRLS N001VE for the aircraft Su-30MKK, made it possible to switch over to the following stages of modernization – to creation of the family of multifunctional BRLS (designation “Panda”). On these stages of modernization stringent requirements were established on the mass, the overall sizes and the energy consumption. A summary increase in the mass BRLS should not have been above 20 kg, and requirements on the permissible consumption of energy consumption and conditioning did not change. All these problems of the enterprise of corporation overcame together, which made it possible to solve task within the maximally compressed periods. Certain increase of the mass and energy consumption in BRLS was compensated by the modernized construction of display system on the HUD sils-27 (it was developed and neglected into the production with the group of the cooperatively connected enterprises under the management OKB” electroautomatika”). The start in the multimachine computing system Of N001VE of additional signal processor baguette 55-04.02 (NIISI RAN) and the linear receiving device N001-03VP-2 (development GRPZ) made it possible to realize regimes of mapping (Real beam, DBS, SAR) and number of other regimes. And in this case also was used the principle of the composite programming, when software, depleted in the early stages of modernization (but in our case this software in the high level language), was supplemented with new tasks in the stages of flight tests. First were confirmed the results of the early stages of modernization reached, and then the basic volume of flights fell to the tests of the work BRLS of new armament, in the regimes “air-surface” (V- P) and the introduction of regime 1 on 2 targets with the mechanical antenna. All these problems are solved in BTSVM of the type BTsVM-900 (development RPKB) or Baguet 54 (development GRPZ).

Digital signal processing is conducted on DSP Baguet 55-04.02 and the linear receiver Of N001-03VP-2. From old electronic components are used only RF units N001-22, N019-02, N001-01, N019-09. In these modes BTSVM ts100 in the work it does not participate.

The flight tests of this stage of the modernization BRLS N001VEP it composes 40 flights. Also should be noted the integration of this version BRLS into the information field BREO of aircraft Su-30, Su-27.

During the solution of the problem of increasing the potential characteristics BRLS for retaining the version of modernized BRLS N001VEP with the regimes “air-to-air” , “air-to-surface” , air-air in regime 1×2 was proposed to use an additional small digital receiving device N001-03DO. In order to avoid an increase in length and change in the full-load saturation curves of already past all tests of basic information main MPI, it was decided to enlarge the collection of functional subassemblies DSP baguette 55-04.02 and introduce additional main modulus MPI, which led to the appearance of modification DSP Baguet 55-04.06. To this main it is possible to connect the additional device, which solves number of new problems, including the regime of long-range detection, which will make it possible to increase potential characteristics BRLS 1,5-1,6 times.

The flight tests of this version compose only the tests of the new regime of long-range detection, since are not affected even the information protocols previously the waste stages. According to our estimations, for testing this regime it will be required not more than 15 flights. Further completion of the family BRLS “Panda” assumes the replacement of the electromechanical antenna Of N001-01 to the phased antenna array of the type “Pero” and conducting the tests of this modernization into two stages:

1st stage. Functional test of phased array “Pero” on “Panda”.

For this in BTSVM-900 or baguet 54 processor is created the virtual model of electromechanical antenna, which interacts with control signals of electromechanical antenna, that enter with BTSVM Ts100, and it governs the phased antenna array “Pero”, i.e., the program set Of B3PP-4 and B3PP-3 “does not suspect”, that occurred the replacement of antenna with phased array. during finalizing of this diagram it is possible on finished software of the regime of air-to-air to verify the work of the phased array, its potential and electrical characteristics, combining this with checking of regime air-to-surface. To this stage, according to our estimation, not more than 10-15 flights is required.

2nd stage. After obtaining and affirming all necessary characteristics of phased array antenna it is necessary to switch over to the tests of multipurpose regime and combination of the AA and AS modes. if we leave crape drive and to establish phased array “Pero” in the existing landing places with the crape drive, then it is possible to use noise suppression with the versions of a change in the polarization of the radiated and receiving signal.

It should also be noted that the multipurpose regime is already integrated into the information field BREO of aircraft Su-27, Su-30, since dual-purpose regime is realized in the stage of the modernization BRLS of the family “panda” in the stage of creation N001VEP. a tentative quantity of flights – 25-30. The final “chord” of the modernization BRLS of the family Of “Panda” should be considered transfer of the algorithms of interaction BRLS with old BREO, realized in the old BTSVM ts100, in BTSVM-900 or Baguet 54, and also the transfer of purposeful channel to the linear receiver of 05P Baguet 55-04.02 or 05P Baguet 55-04.06. In this case is excluded the block Of N019-03 and Ts100, that gives the possibility “to lose weight” “Panda” on 120 kg.

Thus, it is possible to draw the conclusions:

1. Under the conditions, when the basic means of the realization of project (to 80%) depart for the flight tests, the modernization BRLS for guaranteeing the increase in the combat capabilities of aircraft Su-27, Su-30 one should carry out step by step, maximally preserving computational structure and waste software, which sharply reduces the volume of flight tests.

2. Taking into account that the basic stages of the modernization BRLS Of N001 are located on SSLI with the period of end in 2003, and also that a quantity of flights during the flight tests on the introduction of phased array does not exceed 40, under the condition of adoption of the organizing the solutions by the creation BRLS family “Panda” can be expected end SSL and BRLS Of “Panda” from THE HEADLIGHTS already at the end of 2004.

3. For abridging the size-weight characteristics of family BRLS “Panda” to approach the transfer of the main programs BTSVM Ts100 into the languages of the high level Of C++, including the methods of the emulator-based transfer. In the case of making this decision OF BRLS “panda” with the purposeful channel without the receiving block N019-03 and BTSVM Ts100 can be produced on LKI in 2004 with the end of tests in 2005, which will make it possible to have BRLS 4++ with phased array on the aircraft Su-27 and Su-30 in the operation up to 2010 and further.