it is said:
“And in an e-mail to Danger Room, Lockheed spokesman John Kent basically said the Pentagon tester was all wrong about the plane’s vulnerability.”
so basically, they know the results of the tests, and they say that guys who made them are wrong?
so, what you’re telling us is that when a test went wrong they said:
“no, a bullet shouldn’t come to that part, it’s a wrong test to do”
is that it?
No, the LM rep knows the results of the tests & that said results were in fact quite positive. The ‘tester’ is ignoring the vast majority of the results & emphasizing ONE area where the results were not as good.
Actually, I never saw “0% throttle” anywhere. In aircraft manuals the power settings are directly named or the engine’s power is given (as N1, EPR, RPM). In flight mechanics the thrust (not throttle) is given, from 0% to 100%.
Because “0% throttle” is idle & most always referred to as idle. As stated many times now by several posters, % throttle is not commonly used. It appears only to be used when relating to laymen (general public) as they relate more easily to throttle (as they do with their automobiles & toys).
A afterburning TF/TJ would have N1 from IDLE (~betwenn 35 and 70% N1_max) to MIL (100-105% N1_max), then (as you say) Min A/B … to Max A/B.
Exactly, 100% is max dry/military power with afterburner power given as an additional scale. It is not, as some where thinking, 100% being max afterburner power with max dry/military power then being whatever % (typically 50-75) of max afterburner power it is.
“deg Throttle” is probably used as the throttle senses the angle and sends it to the FADEC or EEC (in case of Tornado). Therefore, “deg Throttle” might be used in some publications, but surely not in publications aimed at pilots.
Which does not change the fact that when % throttle is used, even for the Tornado, that 0% throttle is idles & 100% throttle is max dry/military power.
A rather insulting remark!
Yes, I know. The truth hurts.
Look very good at this vid, at around 01.20 pfcem!!
Anyone can see the MLG deploy out in a vertically position, it may rotate just a little in the horisontal , but not much.. 20′ off vertically.
Of course they come out vertically, they have rotated from their stoed position to landing position before you are able to see them. I used to think it more likely that the wheels stoed vertically (that big ‘hole’ in the side of the intake) but look closely at the MLG arms – they stoe horizontally & at that position (height) there does not appear to be room above for the wheels if they remain vertical. My problem before with the horizontal wheel theory was it did not look as though there was room for them to rotate but in more recent pics there is a bulge in/on the door that can be seen more clearly which (to me) appears to provide the room for the wheels to rotate.
Note I am still not 100% convince either way but I am leaning more (>75%) towards horizontal (or something near horizontal) wheels.
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Looking at the pics and other information thrown up , I do not think the complete engine fan is fully and directly exposed as its not alligned directly but it is possible and quite likely that some portion of fan engine may remain partially exposed.
Nobody is saying the complete engine face is directly exposed. But clearly >50% of it is.
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Its not a straight line.
Yes it is. There is a striaght line (along the horizontal & vertical of level flight) from the intake to >50% of the engine face.
There definitely is some curving inside.
Nobody has said otherwise but that curving does not block hardly any of the engine face.
I seriously doubt the whole compressor face is visible.
Nobody is saying the complete engine face is directly exposed. But clearly >50% of it is.
Whatever visible parts should be taken care of by that blocker.
That is the whole point, the engine face is to be ‘shielded from radar’ by a radar blocker, not by some impossible nonalignment & s-duct.
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I’m convinced the intakes curve up into the body, not only that, but that the curve itself contains multiple s-ducts which completely obfuscate the compressor face.
Your being ‘convinced’ of something impossible will not change reality.
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I still don’t believe it’s the comp-face:
Then what is it?
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6 months later and you are still talking about the compressor face?
Because there are those still wishing that reality was different.
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This picture was taken in front of the nose, but in the video at 2:36, you can see directly into the air intakes, but no compressor is visible! It looks like the cameraman stands much closer, even besides the cockpit, so is the picture a fake again?
Its called light.
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If they pay such attention to detail such as the cannon muzzle cover, you can bet they’ve got an effective & integrated comp-face/engine solution.
It is called a radar blocker & is not fitted to the current prototype airframes.
If that is the c-face, still less is visible than on the YF-23- hence shows a more efficient use of space.
It is. The engine face & more than twice of it is visible than is visible on the YF-23 (who’s engines ARE out of line with the intakes – only ~1/2 horizontally & ~1/4 vertically are in line with the intakes).
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Have you ever been in front of a Super Hornet?
I have, and i can tell you that “he engine face on the SH can be seen from most frontal angles as there is no attempt taken to hide it whatsoever”.
The same exact phrase aplies to the X-32, and strangely enough on both designs the radar blocker works quite well (at least we are told so). Now i have seen at least fourt diferent Russian designs for something that in the west is called a “radar blocker”, and simple logic says if the T-50 doesnt have an Serpentine duct, it has a… radar blocker.
Exactly. But the problem is that there are those who wish to disbelieve reality & for everyone to think the engines & intakes are not in line, & that there is some s-duct.
gotta love the part:
so, basically, a LM rep the results in F-35 tests are irrelevant?
so, basically, when they don’t like the result, it’s “wrong”… Am I the only one to find that statement ridiculous, to say the least?
No, the LM rep knows the results of the tests…
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If there will in fact be a glaring price difference in URF recurring price (engine included) between FMS and US taxpayer bought, then there is a significant flaw in the Program that US Congress and taxpayers have not yet been informed about.
There won’t, URF (for any given year) will be essentially the same for all partner nations. It is what each pays in addition to URF where the difference is…
As for non-partner nations, that remains to be seen.
URF and the Total Flyaway or FUC (URF + non-recurring and ancillary costs) should be similar under FRP MYB, given an indentical block variant and those being similarly equipped. Now if US variants have superior stock electronics and superior LO functions, then sure, they would appropriately come in higher priced under FUC. That mystery will need to be better understood perhaps starting in 2015, under anticipated FRP. If anything though, USAF FUC prices should be LOWER than similarly equipped FMS unit as USAF will be buying in higher volume.
All partner nations’ F-35s of a given block will be essentially identical.
As for non-partner nations, that remains to be seen.
Flat out – unless part of such a subsidized Stimulus bill (or other hidden deal), USAF’s FY15 FRP buys will be higher than $60m URF (2010 YD), w/ engine included (mainly due to reduced buys not honestly being disclosed). Not to mention… hold onto your hats soon after, following an equipped block IV FUC. (economic realities will take over from marketing)
Correction, unless there is a significant reduction in production quantities the URF of all partner nations full rate production F-35As will be ~$60 million (FY 2010 dollars).
In the near-term, I simply cannot wait for lot 4’s full procurement pricing spin to come out. (unfortunately).
You mean the ACTUAL COST being near 25% below the BS Pentegon (JET based) projections. Yes it will be interresting to see how the naysayers spin that.
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60 million 2010 dollars, but not until 2017, by then you’ll be able to pick up and F16 for 2 packs of gum and a hot cup of coffee
Not true. It is questionable if you will even be able to take delivery of a new F-16 in 2017 (if so it more than likely will not be manufactured in the US) & if equipped with AESA radar, Sniper XR, IRST, F110-GE-132/F100-PW-232, et cetera to at least pretend to be trying to play in the F-35’s league will cost about as much as an F-35A. Sure (assuming even available) a ‘stripped down’ (say Block 40/42/ or 50/52 equivalent) would be somewhat less costly but then you are getting a 1980’s/1990’s capability F-16.
Each BK-27 round weighs almost 3 times as much however,
2.6 times to be more precice. It could be 10 times more (which is what the WWII Bofors 40mmL70 AA shell was) & it would mean d…s… if it never hits the target.
and in a short burst the Gatling gun will not achieve this tight density either. Dispersion would likely be lower…
A 0.5 sec burst is a short burst & with the M61A1 ~1/3 of that time is at full rate.
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Whenever we talk about these guns that fire at such high rates, it’s easy to visualize the result as resembling something like a shotgun pattern.
But it isn’t. Shotgun patterns are pretty much two dimensional with no significant length. Modern gun patterns look more like a three dimensional cylinder with the length representing the burst duration and the pattern width the dispersion….
Nice explination, aircraft gunnery is a 4 dimensional problem, 3 dimensions of space + time.
At full ROF the time difference between each projectile from a M61A1 is just 1/100th sec (100 rnds/sec) where as the time difference between each projectile from a Bk 27 is 3.53/100th sec (28.3 rnds/sec).
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I think this is a battle of two philosophies. US designs have relied on maximum fire rate and projectile density from WWII (six .50cal). Russians or Germans rather used heavier calibers (20/30mm cannons combined with a twin 12.7mm for aiming).
Correct except for that the twin 12.7mm were NOT used for aiming, their ballistics were too different from the cannon to be of any use for that.
The US philosophy emphasizes high ROF (& ballistics) to maximize the chances of a hit/the number of hits with projectiles that in numbers are effective. The ‘European’ philosophy emphasizes greater per projectile lethality at the expense of ROF (fewer hits achieved but fewer hits required to get the job done).
Expecting a Warthog jock trained with GAU-8/A to defend or prefer the Russian or Euro concept would be a bit stretched, I suppose. But that doesn’t mean he is either right or wrong – it’s just a personal preference..
Any intellectually honest person can see & defend the relative merits (strengths/weaknesses) of either/both. Preference ultimately comes down to which strengths/weaknesses one feels is more/less important (or some emotional or other such intangible factors).
Did I? Feel free to quote me directly on claiming throttle percentage is commonly used! If you can’t I suggest you shut up!
And as I said Tornado throttle settings are expressed in degrees, they don’t use percent at all!
I suggest that you take a reading comprehension class. I never said you said throttle % is commonly used. But contrary to what you keep saying 0% throttle is idle & 100% throttle is max dry/military power even for the Tornado.
C/o Enisey (СПАСИБО!!)
Thanks for posting more images which so clearly show that I am right & you are wrong.
Sorry mods, I could not resist. 😮
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I do say, aside from the disproportionality small wings & tail surfaces (both horizontal & vertical) which just do not ‘look’ right to me [unlike most I am able to recognize how the aircraft obtains lift, stability & control authority to compensate] she is a rather pretty bird.
On another note, see the ‘bulge’ on the MLG doors where I am now pretty well convinced make space for the gear to be stoed horizontally.
Also note how the even ever so slight difference in camera angle between the two nacells/cowlings/intakes makes such a difference in appearance. 🙂
Are there any examples of reasonably modern airborne fire control radars that operate primarily outside of X-band?
No. There are (contrary to what the ‘anti-stealth’ crowd would have you believe) reasons why X-band is used for targeting radars rather than other bands.
Even in Cola1973’s example, the AWACS radar is not actually being used as a targeting radar but is rather giving the ‘best estimate’ its non-X-band radar can give to get the missile’s (x-band) targetting radar close to the target.
As you claimed it before no issue for the F-35A selected by Australia. The F135-PW-100 can be run by lower ratings to achieve the lower life-cycle cost from that. 😉
No it will not. The F135-PW-100 is meeting or exceeding its requirements. Of course one COULD (since the F135-PW-100 has such excess power) run it at lower power in the hope of getting even better life-cycle cost but in reality such a comparatively small amount of an engine’s life is spent at or near max power that the potential benefits are not as great as you want everyone to believe.
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P&W was not forbidden to increase the thrust of the F100, but all the gains from that were used to improve reliability.
Yes it was. In fact that was THE biggest issue between P&W & the DOD. P&W wanted to built more powerful variants of the F100 but the DO did not want more power, just more reliable engines with the same thrust.
But just as I posted, when P&W was finally allowed to increase the thrust of the F100, it gave us the F100-PW-229 with thrust rating similar to the F110-GE-129.
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Do you want to kid me? Where have I said that throttle percentage is commonly used? Oh nowhere you yet repeat it the third time! Why?
No, you have a serious comprehension problem. I never said you said throttle % is commonly used. But contrary to what you keep saying 0% throttle is idle & 100% throttle is max dry/military power even for the Tornado.
I’m not denying that RPM & throttle % aren’t linear, but in your anger to play the smart guy you entirely missed the point.
I am not the one missing the point.
No, pfcem. You’re the one thats making a fool of yourself. You can’t be a*sed to post a source, which is something you very rarely do. The best possible light would just post its figures that everyone knows it can do in the first place, i.e fire 1700 rounds per minute. yeah I see your point, but its pointless. Just find a source for once, I could find one for you but why should I? I take what, say, the RAF website say, that it clearly states it fires 1000rds/min or 1700rds/min. If your theory had any point or meaning to it then they would’ve probably said 1800rds/min to give the BK27 the “benefit of the doubt”, but of course they didn’t because they know a hell of a lot more than you and I.
And you say that, I quote: “…putting it into the best possible light using 1800rds/min even though (as I posted) there just as many sources which say 1700rds/min…”. So what you’re saying is that there is just as many sources saying that is fires 1800 rds/min as there is 1700rds/min? Correct? If I understand you correctly & I’m just making sure, then which sources state it fires 1800rds/min?
No, YOU are making a fool of yourself. I have posted as many or more sources than pretty much any/every other poster here but I am LONG past reposting sources over & over & over again which have already been posted.
This is NOT the 1st time this particular point of discussion has been on this forum & I know full well (because of past ‘discussions’) that if I had dared to use 1700 rather than 1800 that one or more posters would have had a fit claiming I was putting the Bk 27 in a ‘less than positive light’ using 1700 when there are so many sources which cite 1800. And YOU have spent more time bitching about my using 1800 (even AFTER I explained why & what the numbers would be if I had used 1700 instead) than it would (or as suspect did but you STILL can not let it go) to have done a simple internet search & verified that there ARE several sources which say 1800 rather than 1700.
On another note, pfcem, replying to post #77 on page three that I posted would’ve been a bit more logical, or did you miss that one?
I missed it. But your posting thus far proves you are in no way interrested in what my response would be but are rather just being an a-hole & derailing the thread.
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If anyone would like info on how guns and gunsights perform in air-to-air gunnery situations, they might check out the three articles here:
Of particular note is the Projectile Density sections. Keep in mind that the Bk 27’s ROF is <1/3 that of the M61A1 – thats <1/3 the numbers of rounds per unit of time & >3 times the distance (& time) between each individual round.
And as already posted this is not true for the Tornado for example where throttle settings are expressed in degrees not percentage and there is no AB1, AB2… either. You have the min RH and max RH setting in an analogue range in between.
You have a serious comprehension problem. Try again…
As already posted % throttle is not very commonly used but when it is, 0% throttle is idle & 100% throttle is max dry/military with afterburner ‘throttle/power’ given as AB1, AB2, AB3…
What else, everything else wouldn’t make sense.
But it is not correct. RMP & power are not linearly correlated.
That’s actually what I explained in my first reply to jj concerning that topic.
So why are to denying the fact then?
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The F135-PW-600 is very special because it works as a very high-bypath engine in that configuration. Without the related details such benchmark data are just an indicator to get the desired result and showed a margin of 2,9% from the already tweaked lift-system. A more critical view will translate that into a 2,9% margin in weight-rise possible or the same weight in less favorable atmospheric conditions. 😉
In terms of the US DOD demand that an engine meet or exceed its official rating for acceptance (& that US engine manufactures commonly exceed them by a small % to be sure they do) is nothing special about the F135-PW-600 it was just the example I used as I had the actual public numbers.
By the way see the thrust-ratings of the first F100-PW-100 compared to the lower ones of the later F100-PW-220 about that, despite the benchmark claims of the first one. 😎
P&W was forbidden from increasing the thust of the F100, the F100-PW-220 was all about improved reliability. When it finally was allowed to increase the thrust of the F100 it gave us the F100-PW-229.
We hear those cost claims from time to time it’s a never ending discussion until the real cost is achieved and that is when the aircraft are sold at that price. Up to date the aircraft is considerably more expensive, but it’s just LRIP.
The program’s lastest cost projections are based on the ACTUAL COSTS of LRIP aircraft thus far.
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LM has been squawking 60m (in current dollars or base dollars?) a pop for several months now. It is not entirely clear what the 60m will buy, although my guess is it is some flavor of flyaway price. A flyaway price is for the base jet, and doesn’t include training systems (sims, etc.,) support equipment, spares, infrastructure upgrades or new construction to support the aircraft. US estimates reflect these additional costs as well as R&D and T&E – hence the glaring price difference that an ally might pay vs. what the US taxpayer will eventually fork over.
The ~$60 million is recurring flyaway – aka the cost of the aircraft itself (airframe, engine, avionics & a few other items) in FY2010 dollars for a full rate production F-35A.
Certainly not for all jet engines. On the Tornado for example throttle settings are described as degrees, not as percentage that’s the reason why I asked. Might be that the US is using the common standard of percentage.
Yes for ALL jet/turbine engines! As already posted % throttle is not very commonly used but when it is, 0% throttle is idle & 100% throttle is max dry/military with afterburner ‘throttle/power’ given as AB1, AB2, AB3…
That’s certainly correct that the RPM % is usually the given indicator of thrust, but that article about the F-35 spoke about the throttle setting in percent and if it is as you say and idle would be 65% (just a guess) then the 40% throttle setting would equal a RPM of 79%.
Assuming a linear corrilation between throttle & RPM…
But the important fact is that 0% throttle is idle power, not zero power (aka engine off) & 100% throttle is max dry/military power, not max afterburner power.
What part of ‘Goodbye’ don’t you understand?
I am not the one who said ‘Goodbye’, YOU are.
So way are YOU still here? :p
For everyone else, 117S engine, note size difference of nozzle & back-end ‘shroud’ compared to comp-face. Must be impossible to hide, no? :rolleyes:
Images of the engines (both the AL-31 & AL-41) have been posted before in THIS THREAD.
The engine faces are not hidden on the current prototype (there is a direct LOS from the intake mouths to the engine faces) but in service/production aircraft are to use a radar blocker to ‘hide’ the face from radar.
Pfcem, your feeble mind obviously cannot imagine things in a 3-dimensional manner. I think I could explain this to a 10 year old better than you.
You have that backwards. I am the one ‘seeing’ this in a 3-dimensional manner – as well as putting into perspective the effects of camera angle/POV.