I am sorry man, I don’t get it. What exactly are your 3 images debunking?…
I’m just pointing out that given the careful shaping and faceting of the inner intake walls (as evidenced in the pics provided), the reflection of the incident rays displayed in that ‘cartoon’ is nonsensical.
Also, the APA ‘analysis’ claims the wing-root fast-bay fairings would adversely contribute to beam aspect RCS. I question the validity of this argument on the basis that their entire CFRP composite construction would be prime candidates for CNT modification. However, I concede that fundamentally new radar absorbing materials & structures are beyond the remit of the APA report and PO analysis in general.
TsAGI itself patented a nanomaterial production method (published Jan.2009), overtly stating stealth applications:
Фуллерены, углеродные трубки и алмазы используют как добавки для модификации и получения новых свойств других материалов… Особые надежды возлагают на них в авиационной отрасли. Ожидается, что созданные с использованием нанотехнологий высокопрочные материалы и покрытия позволят снизить массу летательных аппаратов, а наноструктурные радиопоглощающие покрытия помогут создавать «невидимые» военные самолеты.
Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and diamonds are used as additives to modify and synthesise new properties of other materials…Special hopes are placed upon them [for applications] in the aviation industry. It is expected to use nanotechnology [in the creation of] high strength materials and coatings which will reduce the weight of aircraft, and nanostructured radar absorbent coatings will help create “invisible” (stealth) warplanes.
http://www.lenta.ru/news/2012/11/14/engine/
Product 117 is 150kg less weight than 31F according to the UAC president.
As per relevant US standards, the Type 30 engine seems to have a T/W ratio of ~13, if we take 9.1 as product 117’s T/W ratio. :diablo:
I read that too. There has to be some reporting error, the thrust-to-weight ratios don’t add up:
Salyut’s AL-31F (Series 42) weighs 1,520kg, with thrust of 13,500kg [13,500/1,520] gives T/Wr of 8.8.
If Izd.117 is 150kg lighter than AL-31F then [15,000kg/1,370kg] gives T/Wr of 10.9.
However, if Izd.30/129 is 30% lighter than 117, then [17,000kg*/959kg] gives T/Wr of 17.7!!!:eek:
…even a 30% weight saving over AL-31F would give a T/Wr of 15.9!
Bear in mind the monster F-135 has a T/Wr of 11.47 (and 13.3 ‘overclocked’).
It has to be a typo!
*various sources state maxT at least 17T.
Interesting, it seems Marchkov is not at liberty to disclose the industry project name of the PAK-FA Stage 2 engine (Izd.129 as we know it), but instead calls it a “new 117”, this resulted in some confusion early last month. 30% weight saving and bench tests slated for 2014, lookin’ good! (for all series production machines).
Not sure the latest APA ‘analysis’ presents anything new per se, but here’s 3 pics that debunk this cartoon:

http://sukhoi.org/img/gallery/wallpaper/pak-fa-2/2011-03-03_02sm.jpg
http://paralay.com/su50/IMG_4377.JPG
http://paralay.com/su50/DSC04844.JPG
Once in a while the “yacht club” can be visionary though, the G.R.Ford class is really quite something, not to mention the USN’s backing for my favourite US type (X-47B).
Take Off Mag Nov 2012
http://en.take-off.ru/arhiv/746
Thanks Austin, this can only mean GaN:
Interview with Phazotron-NIIR Corporation Designer General Yuri Guskov (pg.15)
…we have launched the designing of a new AESA featuring more efficient cutting-edge transmit-receive modules that are being developed by the NIIPP Semiconductor Instrument Research Institute in the city of Tomsk. We hope that an experimental example of the advanced AESA will have been manufactured and submitted for bench tests by late next year.
This bodes well for PAK-FA’s AESA also.
I’m pretty sure they are aimed at lift generation at moderate AoA with wing the flexing in full 3D.
Yeah, also the flexing can also address the problem of shock-induced oscillations (SIO) caused by transonic boundary layer separation. The unsteady air loads generated are quite large and occur @ a narrow range of the transonic M number (and AoA).
The characteristic SIO frequencies can be akin to those of flutter (or buffeting in the more serious cases). Either way, one thing’s for sure- the F-22 is highly efficient thru the transonic regime, not so sure the same can be said of the F-35.
@ Vortex, could you break-up your subsequent posts into paragraphs please, it would make them much easier to read. Thanks.
@Jō Asakura:
At what altitude? SC performance in any fighter is dependent on altitude. The F-35 pilot quote could easily be about lower altitude flight while higher altitude flight is better for SC. This applies to all fighters, not just the F-35.
Anywhere from 25k-45k ft, preferably the lower end.
But what about air volume then? maybe the air pressure is the same, but if one inlet offers more air volume, then the engine behind that inlet has an opportunity to use all that air and cram it more inside its core…
As only an incremental increase in thrust is required to overcome the transonic compressibility drag, then the cheapest and ‘easiest’ solution would probably be to modify the F-135 by increasing the inlet diameter & incorporate a more efficient LP compressor and stator. Increasing the operating temperature of the core would be a major (and expensive) undertaking.
All I can say is that it is just amazing how far you people are willing to bend over backwards to avoid something you don’t want to believe.
It’s deductive reasoning. If the F-35 has a Vmax of only~M1.6 despite having such a monster F135 engine, then that means (aside from weight considerations), the volume-dependant wave drag coefficient (CDwv) isn’t exactly conducive to supercruise.
This statement hints at that (I love the bit in bold, btw! Prevents “involuntary slow-down”, I guess ):
The F-35 can’t supercruise like the F-22 Raptor, but the test pilots have found that once they break the sound barrier, supersonic speeds are easy to sustain.
“What we can do in our airplane is get above the Mach with afterburner, and once you get it going … you can definitely pull the throttle back quite a bit and still maintain supersonic, so technically you’re pretty much at very, very min[imum] afterburner while you’re cruising,” Griffiths said. “So it really does have very good acceleration capabilities up in the air.”
Link c/o Obligatory.
http://www.sukhoi.org/news/smi/arch/index.php?id=1760
http://vpk.name/news/18296_v_interesah_gpv__2015_ispyitaniya_novogo_rossiiskogo_istrebitelya_idut_uspeshno.html
Su-35S’ ability to supercruise is a real enigma, that source is not official (it is a copy of a CAST article). It is important to note that Sukhoi has never officially stated it supercruises and KnAAPO’s website does not mention the capability- you’d think they would be singing it’s praises as a major selling point. The CAST article is also mistaken by stating the “extensive use of composites”, photos of production machines in their primer disprove that notion.
I think what happened was that during initial flight trials the Su-27UB chase planes struggled to keep up and engaged AB, ‘901’ may have ‘accidentally’ supercruised with low fuel and in clean condition (maybe even a shallow dive), but this is a far cry from ‘sustained supersonic flight without afterburner’. That’s not to say that 117C’s mil./dry power of 8.8T is to be sniffed at.
In short, I think that if a clean and half-fuelled Su-35S entered a supercruisin’ competition with a similarly fuelled F-35- the result would be a draw! 😀
Apparently both ’52’ & ’53’ were active on November 1st:
Yeah, did you discern the most interesting bit? I’ll even paste the relevant paragraph as you clearly didn’t the 1st & (now) 2nd time round the link was posted, 3rd time lucky?
Сегодня ФГУП “ОНПП Технология” продолжает работы в направлении создания принципиально новых технологий интегральных композитных конструкций на основе трикотажных наполнителей и наномодифицированных связующих. В 2011 году предприятие приступило к выполнению государственного заказа на создание и оснащение современным оборудованием участка производства композитных конструкций на основе технологии “Квикстэп”, не требующей применение автоклава. Это позволит увеличить объем применения ПКМ в самолете до 45%, сократить производственный цикл на 20%, снизить материалоемкость на 15%.
You fell eerily silent on the 2 FGUP TsIAM CNT patents, I take it you didn’t read them (again at the 2nd posting), nor do you appreciate their relevance… but I guess your cynical sneers don’t stack up too well against ’em.
Such a shame your ‘strength’ clouds your reasoning.
btw, for the best strength you want threads not powder.
http://www.google.com/patents/US8206624?printsec=drawing&dq=lockheed+%22carbon+nanotube+reinforced+polymer%22&ei=KoKVUMODMeGuiQLhxYC4DQ#v=onepage&q&f=false
JESUS WEPT!!!!!…AND WHAT DO YOU THINK THE POWDER LOOKS LIKE @ THE NANO SCALE!!???…
I wonder if waterboarding is preferable to debating with you sometimes.
NOPP “Teknologiya” actually fabricate their products using CFRP which is supplied by external composites producers who also supply other aerospace companies around the world:..
My bad…your point is…? Russkies can’t indigenously produce CFRP? So ‘Porsher’ can single-handedly influence the number of PAK-FA’s produced? 😮
As for CNTs (of various nano structures, compositions & alignments) for aerospace, aircraft engine, missile applications here’s a couple of examples:
http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/237/2379387.html
http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/240/2408531.html
Bear in mind, Spudman, the product is a raw material, like fine soot, in appearance.
That could be right! I just assumed, that for the high temperature application like a supersonic fighter, there would be some post casting heat threatment. I still think this is valid, wether they use simple/cheap epoxy, or expensive BMI resin.
If they use a polymer-matrix composite, they can specifically align the CNTs to provide additional elastic & structural strength to the CFRP, and then later ‘smart’ composites (i.e. load dissipation with controlled anisotropic elastic deformation properties).
Can you, Spudman, explain how LM “bake” the protection of some 10.000 rivets into the composite panel before it is fastened to the airframe? Maybe they have a huge time-machine on the assembly line at Forth Worth? That would be a game changer!
There’s no “baking” involved (at least for some structural components):
https://www.mhi.co.jp/technology/review/pdf/e454/e454001.pdf
If LM will not do it when the testing costs could be spread across several thousand airframes (and they have reduced the price vs CFRP by so much), there is virtually no chance of Sukhoi doing it when only a few hundred T-50s are being produced.
I’m curious, did you misunderstand my posts? ’cause otherwise I’m surprised you dismiss what I wrote so readily.
If the T-50 tries to switch to CNRP after it’s flight testing is done, then it would have to redo it just like LM. That’s a lot of cost increase for so few airframes. Best to solidify the production process, understand the material, and plan the next plane around it.
It’s too expensive to retrofit into load bearing structures.
I’m not so sure about that. I think you’re making the assumption Sukhoi will take ‘concurrency’ to the risky levels LM have. Structural/ buffeting problems of ’51’ have resulted in a time slippage evident on ’54’, whose first flight will come around a year after ’53’, despite the two being produced at around the same time. This may also have had a bearing on the reported FGFA slippage of 3 years.
OKB Sukhoi’s Annual Company Report published April 2012 states (paraphrasing) “it is envisaged production [PAK-FA] machines will incorporate over 30% CFRP composites (by weight)”, so clearly the T-50 is nowhere near ‘set in stone’ like the F-35, and affords considerable flexibility in the programme.
Notwithstanding parts such as those bare-metal engine cowlings are likely to be replaced by something similar to the CNT CFRP currently used on the SLV stages (it’s the same company that makes the T-50’s wings):
http://portalnano.ru/read/iInfrastructure/russia/nns/technologiya/technologiya
…For now they are limiting it to non load-bearing structures because no new testing would be needed. It’s called CNRP.
Pfft…the Russkies already use CNT CFRPs for SLV & SLBM rocket stage casings!
http://forum.keypublishing.com/showpost.php?p=1936131&postcount=140
The F-35 may be the first to enter production with CNT modified composites, but it’s application and utilisation on the T-50 will be truly revolutionary…;)