***facepalm***
heavy engine =/= heavier overall structures. the effect is marginal. what heavy engines gets penalized for is the the dead weigh which means less weight for fuel/stores.tornado had the swing wing structure which JH-7 don’t and airframe is designed to a higher rated g load. higher MMo and prob a higher speed on deck, which all means high loads which means higher structure weights. JH-7 has none of that, it can’t pull as much gs and it prob has a rough ride on deck, all which thanks to a older engine. which means V-n has to shrink inorder to give it about the same range-payload class as tornado GR1.
EF/Rafale/MIG-35 has much larger wing area and can pull higher Gs than JH-7 and they are still lighter.
why you ignoring the fact that JH-7 is built with obsolete materials.
Tornado has lighter engines, smaller internal fuel to support it. so only swing wing structure not alone.
I highly doubt JH-7 has much larger internal fuel capacity than Phantom. It is same single tail and smallish wing area aircraft.
eh… I see we have people dont typically work in aerospace industry here and are light on engineering details.
ok. here is the deal .
carrying loads under the wing actually help relieve structure loads believe or not because your wing root bending moment is less now, same weight but distributed out = less wing root bending. wing root bending is the first thing an aircraft designer sees when he wants to predict weights.
your structure weigh is typically almost directly a function of your loads which is interm of your V-n envelope. stress a wing to take 9 gs takes much more metal than the same wing stressed to 6 gs. its almost an exponential relationship in the prelim design stage.
Bomber structure typically gets stressed much less. thus lighter interm of structure weight than their fighter brethens because of it.
Su24 weights get penalized because of swing wing structure.
In summary,
JH-7 is a gas bag that can’t manuever worth **** but that’s ok because it is not meant to.
Its a myth that JH-7 carry heavy loads. It is more comparable to MIG-29SMT in ground strike ability. I will not make it equal to newer MIG-29K.
Su-24 has 11ton internal fuel capacity, 25% more thrust engines and wings stressed to take 3000L tanks. not to mention bigger frontal for side by side fitting.
Blue
So one regiments can only fly one sortie in an exercise?
I think you should go back and re-read my statement.
your making more and more foolish statements. like in on exercise a single regiment drop entire Ruaf regiment inventory of PGM. when you obviously dont have clue of Ruaf PGM inventory.
Is Russian TMC the only source for Su-30MKK’s PGMs?
unless you can show some newer standoff weopons with Su-30MKK. TMC is the only source of its inventory.
Why bigger a/c has to weigh more? what is the fallacy here?
It has about the same MTOW and empty as Tornado.
Tornado engine weighs 975kg. and JH-7 engine weighs 1950kg. Just based on engine difference alone there is 2000kg weight difference for two engines. Now to support such heavy engine you need beefup structure.
You have understand this basic things about bombers. Bombers wetstations are much more stressed than regular fighters. Su-24M2 weighs much more than Su-30MK.
Su-24M could carry 3000L tank under wings for very long time. but Flankers couldnot. It is only very advanced material variants of Flanker like Su-35/Su-34 that are able to carry it.
right here baby
the problem with MiG-29 is that if it carries 4 of those, where will the fuel tanks go? they always need to carry at least 1 because of the range problems, yes even the SMT.
and JH-7 dont have range problem without ET?. There is no evidence yet it can carry more than 4 standoff missiles be antiship or antiradiation.
interesting,
So you still think PLA blue-sword exercises at Dingxing Base only involves dumb bombs?
I didnot say they use dumb bombs only. It is just that regiment of JH-7 cannot carry that many PGMs that you claim. or those PGMs are some small bombs. Not standoff missiles. you cannot compare stand off missiles inventory with glide bombs.
… and you think PLA hasn’t brought any new stuff from russia? hmm? what gives you that impression?
since i havent seen PLAAF Su-30 equiped with Chinese PGM and Russia TMC revenues are now 50-50. It means more of newer PGMs are going to Ruaf inventory than exported to particular country.
and RUssia is the only source of PGM for PLAAF? is that it?
I want to see a F-4 range vs payload number vs a JH-7 range vs payload number, please, before accept that comment.
First you have to accept the fact that JH-7 cannot have the weight of Phantom. It is much bigger aircraft.
can you show me how big external ET JH-7 is a able to carry on its wet stations? as without large ET it cannot has so long ferry range.

How is JH-7A comparable to Mig-29s? They have different roles.
JH-7A payload: 9000 kg
Mig-29 payload: 4000 kgJH-7A ferry range: 3700 km
Mig-29 ferry range: 2100 km (with 1 drop tank)From wikipedia’s
You will never see JH-7A lifting 9000kg externally.
Both MIG-29SMT/MIG-29K and JH-7 are limited to 5500-6500kg as they only have 5 wet stations.
how can JH-7A be so light weight when a single spey engine weighs 1900Kg.
JH-7A weight is more closer to Su-30MK without the thrust and internal fuel capacity.
Spey powered F-4 was 14 ton empty. with maximum range of 3000km with ET.
http://www.f-4.nl/f4_24.html
F-4 is a fighter with secondary attack. JH-7 is pure attack baby. Its the Chinese F-111 with fixed wings and a British engine. I guess you could argue the J-8 is like the F-4.. in period of technology… at best…
more like J-8 is like the MiG-23 of China.. but with a better radar
JH-7 dont have that much more ground attack ability than F-4.
JH-7 is oversize airframe on underpower engine with fuel capacity that will need 3 ET for any kind usefull range. There is no pix of JH-7 carry more than 4 antiship missile which MIG-29K/MIG-29SMT can also.
It is not in Su-24/F-111 class.
True, they are reasonably competitive, but the range advantage is not as big as the size increase would have you expect – they definitely don’t introduce anything fundamentally new but simply push their existing foundations a bit further. Look at the RVV-MD, almost the weight of a Mica-IR but slower, bulkier, shorter range and a non-imaging seeker – Russia CAN (and probably will eventually) do better than that. With the RVV-SD things are less critical as the R-77 has always been very cleverly packaged, but apart from a larger warhead the RVV-BD doesn’t offer much over the Meteor to justify almost 300% more weight. The latter will actually have comparable range, if the specifications for similarly sized, late-model AMRAAMs are anything to go by (the real figure is classified)!
If you are a Flanker operator and can thus carry your AAMs externally, what’s wrong with the R-37M with the full 300+km range and (reportedly) ATBM capabilities? Now THAT’s worth a weight penalty! Ideally, a next generation long-range AAM should pack this kind of performance into a 400 to 450kg airframe, assuming a supersonic launch from the T-50.
Again, my beef is simply that these missiles are consuming resources for only a modest increase in performance which could be spent on accelerating the next generation instead.
There was MAKS report that RVV-BD range is deliberately turncated for export purpose.
I would say it is very effective weopon against bomb laden fighters, AWACS, airrefuellers.
Rumour has it that a tactical FB regiment in an exercise last year dropped more PGMs than the entire stock of a Russian Military region. pure rumor.
You maybe confused with dumb bombs. JH-7 can either carry antiship missile or very few PGMs. so entire regiment is not much something.
PLAAF first brought 30MKKs in 2000, so what’ that 20 year old missile come from?
Those missile were designed in Soveit times.
They also had good relations with those russian design bureaus that makes those munitions. Pretty sure they have kept it up to date for things that they need.
more fuel =/= rangexload. there is drag and sfc.
As i mentioned TMC has 50/50 export-domestic now and that 50% includes everyone including India/Algeria/China etc. so those Su-30MKK cannot have more and newer PGMs than what entering Ruaf inventory.
JH-7 is more comparable to F-4 while Su-24 is more closer to F-111.
p.s. on pure paper strength, tactical aviation wise china definitely has a leg up now. its 3-gen fighter fleet is bigger and newer with more airplanes able to fire standoff munitions and has a bigger stock of smart munition. strategic and air mobility force Russia still holds the title. CAS has to go to russia, because that has been a very low priority for PLAAF ever since the post-Soviet Union era. Maritime patrol goes to russia
On paper China has 100 Su-30MK. Unless newer PGMs are integrated with these Su-30s. They are using 20 year old missiles.
Maybe 200 JH-7 to be generous. but JH-7 cannot carry 11 tons of internal fuel like Su-24. so combat value of JH-7 as bomber is questionable unless there is fleet of air refuellers supporting it.
Ruaf have combined force of Su-24M/Su-27SM/MIG-29SMT. look at Tactical corporation financial. much more PGM are entering Ruaf.
There is nothing like Su-34/Su-35 entering PLAAF service for next 10 years. so that Strike fighter gap is only going to increase.
Interesting Taurus for the Su 30, I guess both Typhoon and Rafale can use it as well. But the key is their offer to integrate Meteor with all aircraft in IAF. 😎 MKI with Meteor. Makes sense to standardize on meteor and Astra in future, Russians may not like it though.
You cannot standardize on Meteor and Astra when all internal carriage tests will be on on Russian AAMs on PAK-FA.
Introducing EU missile who has no update beyond 5 years into future is waste.
Money shouldn’t be sneezed at! Esp. for a nation in Russia’s position where its expertise outstrips the domestic funding to make use of it resulting in constant outflow of talent…
Not necessary correct assumption.
http://www.nasdaq.com/aspx/stock-market-news-story.aspx?storyid=201109271007dowjonesdjonline000238&title=russia-budget-surplus-rub759-billion-in-first-eight-months-of-2011
China gets Russian expertise, Russia gets Chinese money. Is a good deal.
good deal? but is it workable?
In 10 years time. Chinese Airliners will be so hooked up to A350/B787 that there is very little chance of adding completely different airline. financial capacity of airlines will be not there and than there is employment factor of producing parts for Boeing/Airbus.
Just look at Japan today how many Airbus it can afford?.
If i read Pogo statement correctly he is going lunch Aircraft 2020 in a year or two.
Superjet is testing in UAE and Mexico. There is not even effort of marketing it to China
All those advances that Russia Industry is doing they are not going to share or slow down. PAK-FA is good example. Not waiting for India to signup and built fighter later.
We were talking about what happened post Soviet collapse. I’ve already acknowledged recent moves to revitalize the aviation industry in Russia, but that still doesn’t change the broader macroeconomic challenges ahead.
You have no idea what your taking about. Soviet Collapse gives new impetus to industrialization on mass scale in so many other areas.
See this stupidity. You never built assembly line employing thousands near to most expensive city in country. It just shows lack of skill in other parts.
http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/comac-selects-shanghai-for-c919-assembly-plant-15401
COMAC selects Shanghai for C919 assembly plant
You should also realize that restructuring also generally means downsizing. That means closed factories and laid off workers. It happened in China too.
It just not only means downsizing but consolidation at single place. You dont spread industrial supply chain too far geographically.
Another false binary, combined with a false premise. The false binary is in the notion that they had to choose between producing 192 low quality turbofans or slow production. Given what other aviation powers can produce, 192 doesn’t sound like a lot in a year. Given that they delayed production for a year+ due to quality control issues, it would be reasonable to assume that they only started production again because they could proceed without making subpar engines. In other words, they’ve already demonstrated that they would not be producing at a rate where they couldn’t guarantee quality.
The false premise is that quality control would be a result lack of skilled labour. It could also be institutional (management issues), or experience related problems, which isn’t uncommon for newcomers, especially with parts subcontracting. The problem with assembly lines is if one part of the chain fails, it bottlenecks the entire chain. The main point is though that if they’ve moved on with production, then they’ve overcome those issues.
Your making all kind of incoherent statements. when all i point out is lack of skill labor.
Before we proceed, are you going to admit you were making stuff up about the ARJ-21 being more expensive?
It is common sense. Most of ARJ-21 is imported. It has zero production rate. and it is in development since 2002. so why it should be cheaper?
Is that what the wikipedia article said? Because what I read was that they had problems with the composite wing, not that they would abandon its adoption. I also can’t find where the Wiki article called it a dead project without a future. Must be my reading comprehension failure.
There is no composite wing in ARJ-21.
Why bother? Because they’re still learning vital knowledge about designing, developing, an testing a domestic airplane? You can focus on what they aren’t learning, but the critical point is what they are learning. There’s a reason why we call it a process, because it doesn’t happen instantaneously.
They are not learning as even more contracts were awarded to outside for C919.
Besides, it’s not like avionics is one of China’s weak points in the aviation industry.
Avionics is the weakest point of China aviation. when you compare it other Aviation powers.
Hold on, first you accuse China of hiding behind debts, and then you accuse of it hiding behind surpluses? Do you know anything about economics, or are you just raging?
you didnot understood
Well, believe whatever you want, but they’re producing the WS-10 to replace the AL-31s. They must think it’s either an equal or better alternative, or they’re just plane stupid, because clearly they have no qualms with ordering what they need.
Anyways, if you look at the trend line, China’s adoption of foreign components is going down.
when you continue to produce obsolete parts. it is natural foreign parts will go down.
If you can’t expand your production capacity and you’re a national industry, that indicates weaknesses in your industrial base. If you experience a drop in production capacity, that indicates a weakening of your industrial base.
Are Russian satellites good? Probably. How come they don’t have as many launches if they’re so good? Maybe it’s not cost competitive. Maybe they don’t have the funds to ramp up to scale. Or maybe they’re not as good as you claim. All three indicate a weaker industrial base.
It is the quality of lunches not quantity. Russia completed Glonass. China cant on time.
The construction worker thing was just a factoid. Construction workers also need vocational training. We don’t have different definitions. You just chose to address the side point instead of the main one, which is that even high skilled sectors need a big pool of skilled workers.
There are plenty of construction workers in third world. It is not high tech field.
Linking to Russian to a non Russian speaker doesn’t do anything.
You have to import these for C919 but Russia is using its own for MS-21. there is difference in industrial capacity.
Or…they will shift to broadening output for other planes, like the J-11, J-10, FC-17, JH-7…etc. Oh wait, is that modernization? I didn’t know.
Except these are obsolete. Remember Japanese used to give Mitsu engines to Hyundai.
China’s already done all its cutting in the 90s.
You pretend that Russia doesn’t have retiree/health care burdens. :rolleyes:
I know the difference in labor. Russia has computer controlled Oil and Gas industry flow. You dont need that many workers to produce wealth. so less health care and retire burden. China has to use labor to produce wealth.
Russia has disposable foreign workers China dont have this luxury.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sponsored/russianow/society/8555676/Moscow-17-million-people.html
Moscow population: capital may hold 17 million people
Yes, and that doesn’t answer my point, which is that you need skilled labour along the entire production chain, which is why having a stable population base is important.
As i said there is skill labor in US of 15million in entire industrial chain. and US aviation industry is 100 times larger than China in real Value.
Do you know what resource renting is?
I do know. resource renting is much better than using people.
You need high level graduates and top of the line research for innovation and product leadership. You need a large pool of graduates for large skilled work force. They imply different things about an industrial base. Don’t change topics.
These people cant produce anything beside copying and assembling foreign.
So…you don’t know what you’re talking about? Funny, for someone who accuses others of not knowing what an industrial base means.
Anyways, the trend line for China is one of decreasing imports from Russia, not increasing ones.
Trend line is neither increasing nor decreasing. it is that Russia has alot of money now to buy its own weopons. So there is not enough capacity or desire to export best systems.
Again, what do you think will happen to Russia’s watershed if there’s severe climate change? :rolleyes:
It already happened. There is not many countries in world that can in single year face heatwave and becomes second largest exporter of grain next year with plenty of stocks in reserve. Russia can face climate change but not China.
Donald Rumsfield, a man of credibility, and a real China scholar.
This discussion is obviously becoming less productive by the exchange.
Donald Rumsfield is not in power and surely speaking his mind freely. and It is not productive exchange anyway when you started with So called false premise of China industrial strength. with false hopes of future growth.
I’m just going by the citations man.
So you always go by citation and not consider real world changes that is happening. That are indeed necessary for cost reduction like consolidation from all the republics. That is reason 200 specialist from former Antonov working in Moscow not in Kiev. As you don’t want to spread institutional knowledge around.
http://www.progresstech.ru/articles/259/219/publications-in-press.html
…Did you not read what I said?
Okay? The WS-10A has only been in production for less than one year. Making new factories and setting up new assembly lines take time, especially when you’re still building the infrastructure for the industry. Nothing you’ve pointed to has refuted that point.
So WS-10 is only in production for 1 year and there is already 96 J-11 powered by WS-10. Pick a side either there is too much production of subpar engines or too slow productions spreading as there is lack of skilled people.
The ARJ-21 is cheaper than the Superjet and the Bombadier…or so wikipedia tells me.
So you believe on Wikipedia.ARJ-21 is dead project without future. There wont be all composite wing version like SS130NG and there is no hands on experiance of codeveloping avionics sytem that Thales and Sukhoi did together. So dont learn anything anyway. so why bother.
…yes even when considering potential bubbles or the potential for local debt to become a contagion in China. However, the point isn’t that China’s investment foundation is special, it’s that Russia’s is rents, when there is a global downturn you get hit much harder than if your state budget is dependent on income taxes. We saw this with particularly susceptible to boom and busts. If your primary source of government funding is resource Russia in 2008.
Every one is equally harder. Some people can hide behind there banks more than the others but some had surpluses from prior periods.
Anyways, you keep pretending China doesn’t already have its own certified design.
China behavior does not give me confidence that engine is competitive. Just so much stuff is imported in other aviation fields.
I am simply going with the commonly understood definition of an industrial base. You need to get it through your head that I’m not saying China will necessarily surpass Russia in aviation. I am simply saying because China’s industrial base is looking better than Russia’s right now we shouldn’t expect it not to be able to expand its own turbofan production.
Assembling foreign products never equal to industrial capacity. And this has no relationship with Aviation industry.
Or are you trying to tell me that a certified turbofan already in production doesn’t qualify for reaching the requisites for production :confused:
If it was certified competitive engine there would have been other developments like AL-55.
And how big is the post soviet space industry?
It is not about big or small but what they produce.
http://www.navigadget.com/index.php/2011/09/08/russion-glonass-in-action-in-new-york
One of the writers at PCMag had a chance to see a demo unit in action in New York. They went to 28th St. in midtown Manhattan where’s there’s plenty of concrete blocking view of the sky. First they let the phone look for satellites using only GPS and it only got two – which is not enough for a position fix. And then they turned on the ‘use GLONASS’ button or whatever they had and started seeing 14 satellites. They immediately had a location fix.
No, you don’t need mass unskilled labour, but having mass skilled labour is important. And btw, construction is often skilled labour.
Skilled means proper vocational training on on industrial machines. No construction labor from third world can match it. As I said we have different definitions..
http://was.hydrmash.nnov.ru/
The J-7 and J-8 are both closing production. Modernization takes time man (but hey at least we got the J-10 and J-11 in production).
They have been open for too long. Now there will be retiree/health care burden for keeping such large workforce employed in low priced products. China window of opportunity is rapidly closing. China become big spender without modernizing. Russia can afford it as they have the resources.
What’s Russia’s numbers? And btw, having 15 million throughout the industrial chain is precisely why you can’t just look at skilled work force dedicated to aviation. The entire industrial chain needs adequate labour, or else there will be bottlenecks.
US manufacturing is in decline for long time but Aviation industry is still very competitive. Similar is EU. And especially UK. Tried to compete with large RR engines.
.
The point is that as hydrocarbons get more expensive, there is incentive to switch, bleeding buyers from Russian resource exports, thereby making resource renting an unreliable source state revenue.
Resource renting?. What about People renting.
Skilled labour in China is growing. So are the number of college graduates. Besides, growth in one industry can feed growth in another. Skills and advantages in different industries can and are cross applied.
None of that graduates can create higher end industrial goods not comparable to Japan or Korea. That are the nearest competitors. There is no point in competing against Russia.
Do you know anything about economics?
I don’t need to know about economics. It is just common sense. You don’t import if your good in some thing. It is not consumer product to give taste of style and functionality.
Spin it however you like. No one wins with climate change. You think Russia’s watershed will fair any better with climate change?
Some countries will win more than others. Infact some countries will be really damaged by environmental change interms of food and drinking water.
All governments have debt induced consumption. The difference is in China that debt is funding infrastructure and research, and that is significant to industrial growth (and high end manufacturing).
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-02-11/russian-debt-may-reach-585-of-gdp-on-demographic-woes-s-p-says.html
Not the most accurate article, but it gives a nice little summary of Russia’s own potential debt woes. All countries have them.
http://www.washingtontimes.com/blog/watercooler/2011/sep/2/miller-rumsfeld-chinas-problems-one-baby-policy/
When Russia had 600% debt to GDP. China would be 6000%. You simply cant compare the two.
I thought we exhausted discussion on this XP
And yet they still didn’t nearly grind to a halt like Russia.
Russia didnot grind to halt either. thats why you have such massive exports for past 20 years and that will continue for future years. Only difference is West use massive leverage to prevent even steeper fall. and that what China is doing and it has very negative effect long term.
And I did not say that overall growth necessarily translates to a stronger high end manufacturing. I did say however that China’s growth factors would lend to expanding existing production lines. The WS-10 is already in production. It’s just a matter of setting up more lines of production.
…Why would they go through decades of development and research and spend an extra 5 years figuring out problems with production quality just for show?
Growth does not translate into high end manufacturing as there is no connection. Brazil had alot more growth in aircraft manufacturing.
You’re presenting a false binary. Of course you’re going to have low output if you’ve just started production. That does not mean output cannot expand in the future.
remember we are dealing with fighter engines. At best 1000 to 2000hr life time. Not Civillian engines of 20,000 to 50000 life span. You have learn alot before even talk about engine production ramp up as there is big difference. It will take Saturn 3 years to reach 50 Powerjet engines per year and but in Same 3 years Saturn can ramp up many times more military engines.
The ARJ-21 is meant to take advantage of new markets looking for a cheap alternative, while giving China experience with development and manufacturing of civilian airlines. Whatever it’s intended for, the fact that China could even build the darn thing given how backwards their aviation industry was even a decade ago shows significant progress. You can spin it whichever way you want but it won’t change that.
ARJ-21 is neither cheap nor alternative. when your production volume is so low and equipment is majority imported. It cant be cheap.
Your logic of “it’s dead in the water” was basically the kind of arguments people used to say Russia could never come up with a 5th generation design.
When Russians implemented TVC and flies Su-47. that was the begining of serious effort for 5G fighters.
I said funding in Russia isn’t stable, and it isn’t when state funding is reliant on a rent economy.Investment uncertainty can limit future potential growth. That is a very different argument from saying they have no funding.
so funding in Russia is not stable but in China it is stable. how you get to this conclusion? China is living on economy that is created on borrowed money.
Proof?
http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90882/7600089.html
Google is great. This was the first link.Engine production issue took time to deal with as all problems do? If they couldn’t solve it that would have been another thing, but it’s pretty apparent that given the level of adoption in new J-11s, that those production problems have been resolved.
Ok let see what comes out of this supercomputer use in engine manufacturing.
You be the judge. Keep in mind though I’m not talking about the present, but potential growth in the future.
Sure, but when we talk about an industrial base, there is both the development and production side of things. Clearly Russia’s strengths in development have remained strong, but it’s their production side of industry that has suffered.
As a corollary, I find it interesting that you’re defending Russia’s inability to produce while chiding China’s.
Your continously going this stupid logic of production. You cannot produce unless it is in digital format and for that digital format it takes half decade of design work and than all the stress testing and than mass production comes.
Just look how much effort and money A400 and than think about for second. and see IL-476.
We could be reading different projections. However, keep in mind that 6 million decline in any population is significant, and that if the population statistic has only changed recently it still means Russia will see a shrinking work force until that generation has completed turnover.
Keep in mind Russia is attracting the whole post soviet space as they share same language. and for High end manufacturing is not some construction that you need mass unskilled labor.
Key thing is to know how to do things not waste time & money in producing junk like J-7/JL-9/J-8/K-8. these are low end priced products. You wont get new built Mi-171 less than $20m now. Mi-38 is pushing $30m. That is called productivity increase.
US had only 20,000 engineers working in Aerospace.
supporting 15 million high quality jobs through out the industrial chain.
http://www.doleta.gov/BRG/Indprof/Aerospace_Report.pdf
I may not argue against the gradual increase of hydrocarbon prices, but I can argue that as oil commodities get more expensive, alternative energy sources get more competitive (like development of one’s own resources).
That’s silly on two counts. On the first one, your referenced measures still have nothing to do with industrial growth or indigenous design. On the second one, by that logic the Germans own every single jet engine in existence (Deino would be very happy to hear that).
You need research, investment and manpower to produce alternative. and th suppose if you put your best brains in producing altnernative. you have lost opportunity in producing some thing more advanced in Aerospace field.
I wonder how the other industrialized countries survived their increasing input costs :rolleyes: A good reason why input costs are going up is because wage demands are going up. In other words, workers are being paid more. I don’t know if that really helps your theory…
They survived because they modernized fast with far less population.
Last I checked Russia had a heat wave a few years back that wiped out a significant portion of their agricultural output. Climate change makes everyone a loser.
and despite that heat wave Russia is world second largest grain exporter this year and have plenty of stocks stored to mitigate price rise for years. Other countries cannot obsorb this level of abrupt climate change. In next 50 years Most of China will be barren. Importing water through pipelines from Russia.
You’re right. Russia’s macroeconomic problems are far worse. In addition to problems shared by the other BRICs (corruption, inflexible investment, etc), there have been little to no infrastructure spending in Russia unless it’s been for hydrocarbon, over-reliance on commodity to feed GDP growth and the state budget (a huge problem for stable growth, as demonstrated in 2008), and a shrinking work force.
:rolleyes: If you say so.
shrinking workforce? Unless you consider debt induced consumption as growth. I dont see any relevance to high end manufacturing.
JSR, please relax, I’m quite confident that the PLAAF is much happier that it went for the J-10 instead of the MiG-29, the single engine route is preferable over two smaller engines. More fuel efficiency, and commonality with the Flankers. they make a better hi-lo combination than the MiG-29 does in this case.
After importing 500 J-10 engines. there is little point for commonality.
Not ordering MIG-29MK license and its upgrades in early 1990s was the worse mistake by PLAAF.
MIG-29 could have replaced J-8/JH-7/J-10 and ofcourse carrier variant much sooner.
J-10 is even more underpowered than Rafale not suitable for high powered AESA and it is surely not mulitrole.
MIG-29M provide same level of ground attack ability as JH-7. MIG-29 fly higher, faster and longer range than all the small planes made in China.
but it is China money grows on trees and unlimited labor for so many planes types. but that era is coming to an end pretty soon. China will become older before it can become military power.

This pix was posted in this forum. If you had little bit understanding of it. you wont be writing.
This aircraft has 5 wet stations. The same as Rafale. J-10 cannot have this much mutirole capability.