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star49

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  • in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465230
    star49
    Participant

    They have plenty of oil so who really cares ??? Still will need foreign pilots to fly those aircrafts any how .

    And this country also has plenty of oil along with other resources that makes not only richer but also more powerful than any middleastern country as it can renegotiate signed contracts 10 years after and It flies MIG-31. so Russian customers are also as important as F-16E customer.

    http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/Kazakhstan/Oil.html
    Kashagan
    The Kashagan field, the largest oil field outside the Middle East and the fifth largest in the world (in terms of reserves), is located off the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, near the city of Atyrau (see Map 1).

    As russia alligns itself to the global economy the PRICING will become more realistic of modern western weaponry , russians will get richer and demand more wages . Talent would demand higher wages much like HIGH talent gets more pay in the US and other western and eastern companies . With global Aerospace integration their would be a tug-war between commercial buisnesses (such as US companies like boeing working with russian partners in russia) and defence buisnesses in atracting greater talent so wages and price will go up for sure . But for now russia still is cheaper for high tech weaponry although the gap is closing .

    Again ur making ur own assumption. When Full fledged Su-35 with PESA will be no less than F-18E with AESA so question of high tech and cheapness does not arise.

    Where in god’s name did i say that russians are stupid ? You seem to take my quote and come up with a rebuttal that has absolutely nothing to do with the portion of my statement you quoted . I am merely saying that the F-16 block 60 isnt in the league of Upgraded F-15E or Su-34 , how on earth does one construde that as saying russians are stupid i really dont understand .

    And one su-34 can be equal to 12 su-27’s or 200 , i aint really contesting that.

    Apg-79 has been sold , and is operational with the USN . It was sold last year to RAAF who signed a contract for some two dozen super hornets . The Apg-79 has one domestic customer and one foreign customer . HOW MANY CUSTOMERS DOES THE IRBIS HAVE ? (domestic or foreign)

    And Zalson is in operations for two decades. how many customers BARS have? IRBIS is in different level than any other radar currently for export.

    A deal is a deal . The radar has been sold , foreign buyers exist . The IRBIS has neither been sold , just offered at some state of development . I am not saying the Apg-81 is operational ( read the part again where i said that ” it will soon be operational in a few years time” ) .

    And BARS have also been sold. IRBIS is more in F-22 class along with multifunctional capabilities.

    LETS REVIEW THE SCORECARD NOW –

    AN/APG-79

    * OPERATIONAL – YES

    * DOMESTIC ORDERS – YES (many dozens)

    * EXPORT ORDERS – YES (more then 2 dozen sets on order for foreign useage)

    * OPERATIONAL WITH FOREIGN BUYER – expected mid 2010

    AN/APG-81

    * OPERATIONAL – NO ( expected to be operational within the next 36 – 40 months with more then 30 operational fighters when the IOC is reached in 2011-2012)

    * DOMESTIC ORDERS – YES (many dozens)

    * EXPORT ORDERS – YES

    * OPERATIONAL WITH FOREIGN BUYERS – NO ( is set to be operational with Buyers outside the US in 2012 timeframe)

    IRBIS

    * OPERATIONAL – NO ( none ordered by the RuAF for operational use (correct me please if i am wrong)

    * DOMESTIC ORDERS – NONE

    * EXPORT ORDERS – NONE

    * OPERATIONAL WITH FOREIGN BUYERS – not applicable since no export orders till date.

    With regards to the APG-81 , contracts have been signed , radars have been given delivery dates and slots in the production line have been allocated , some money has exchanged hands and in less then 2 years the production capability will exist to produce close to 100 sets per annum for northrop grumman . Apg-79 is going to be existing in the hundereds by the time it is done with its production run , RAAF has over 2 dozen on order , have paid boeing initially (and raytheon) and both boeing and raytheon have allocated production slots for RAAF aircrafts and radars . Both are activly being marketed (Both aircraft and radar that is) in RFP’s worldwide and are operational and fully funded .

    IRBIS will not be adopted by Ruaf as it is for export. they have much better upgrades for MIG-31/Su-34. so point of export product and domestic product does not arise.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465279
    star49
    Participant

    Maybe not Russian customers but the UAE definately felt like pouring billions on the Block 60 and other airforces have bought the Block 50/52 in great ammounts since it was offered for export .

    I am not going into this discussion. UAE also very high price for M2K9. $150m in today prices.

    Price has nothing to do with this , we are merely talking about radars and your claim that US doesnt export advanced radars . US tech is always more expensive as opposed to russian tech. That has been true historically yet with regards to our current discussion it really doesnt make any difference as we are talking about radars only and not which fighter is the better one or cheaper one etc etc etc

    ur comparing communist times when things were cheaper. even Su-30MK2 is $62m in 2006 prices. Su-35 will be much more comparable to F-18E price without AESA.

    You seem to be either UNDERESTIMATING THE SU-34 or OVER-ESTIMATING the block 60 F-16. The Block 60 is good but it is still a single engined fighter with not so good T2W ratio when laden with huge CFT’s and munition , given its wing loading it is still not @ the level of the flanker series let alone the modern Su-34. Yet as a bomb truck it is quite good given its advanced weaponry which is second to none and AESA radar and targetting suite (IRST,FLIR etc) . The F-16 block 50/60 is a sort of POOR MAN’S F-15E/Su34 as you get F-15E like bomb halling and PGM delivery (At ranges) capability but at fraction of the maintaince cost .

    there is price-capability. Russians arent stupid that they pay more for less capability. 1 Su-34 is better than 12 Su-27.

    The Su-34 is more comparable to a F-15E with yet another upgrade by the USAF (which isnt planned just hypothetical scenario) with Apg-63 (V3) , IRST , newer engines , RCS-reduced features etc etc etc. The Block 60 or even the Block 70 will find it tough to match the Su-34’s performance specially if the 34 gets the AESA radar like the PAKFA .

    ur not getting the point. u can put same avionics tech into MIG-29 as in Su-34 but still it will be less capable.

    But you in your previous posts said to TAKE ONLY OPERATIONAL RADARs (we’ll see when the Apg-81 flies etc etc) so USING THE SAME LOGIC the IRBIS is out since it aint operational while the Apg-79 is in the block 2.0 Super hornet.

    but APG-79 hasnt been export delivered yet just like MIG-31 and SU-34 radars.

    But the Apg-81 when it goes operational is OFFERED FOR EXPORT . The LRIP examples of F-35’s being purchased by the UK and other partners will all come with the radar.

    there is big time lag between signing and delivering a operational fighter.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465291
    star49
    Participant

    Needent be , the F-16 aint a SU-27 platform either . Horses for Courses . The F-16 is a multi role fighter much smaller in size and scope then the Flanker . It should be better compared to modern Mig-29 projects equiped with advanced PESA or AESA .

    so MIG-29 had Zhuk-MFE since long time as no one want to invest huge money in small fighters. and F-16E in 1998 dollars is more expensive than any Flanker variant. F-16E is more comparable to Su-34.

    Malaysians didnt have a workable Apg-79 then , now the option exists .

    now option of IRBIS also exist. compare same time lines.

    Fine , lets throw the Apg-81 out of the window , BUT WITH IT SO GOES THE IRBIS , since no one is actually / CONTRACTUALLY obliged to buy THIS RADAR .( or are they?) as opposed to the APG-81 which has been ordered in the DOZENS and the factories are ramping up to produce over 60-100 sets per annum in the next 30 months time .

    The fact that upgraded MIG-31 with longest range BVR has been accepted in service but it is not for export. we are only comparing what is available for export in fix time.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465326
    star49
    Participant

    The problem is that you wont know the true range performance for radars such as the Apg-79 and Apg-81 for some time . I see no information on range on brochures .

    The IRBIS aint operational as per my knowledge and all AESA radars offered by US manuf. (NG and raytheon) are working , operational examples .

    The problem is that Bars have been exported since 2002 and Malaysian evalated in 2001 and found it superior to anything available at that time. Once u Actually deliver APG-81 to customer than u can talk. APG-80 is not in Bars performance.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465333
    star49
    Participant

    Haha, keep digging. Lets see what BS you actually think you can get away with next. :rolleyes:

    The Russians won an uncontested race since the Americans and Europeans bypassed PESA and went straight for AESA instead.

    I have yet to see export AESA delivered matching BARS performance. I am pretty sure there will no export AESA matching IRBIS performance for next 10 eyars.

    So is this 400km range proven and ready for production now? Typical fanboyism to compare existing equipment and figures with paper dream best case scenario ‘projections’ that have turned out to be inflated more often not if past experience is anything to go by. :rolleyes:

    yes pretty much ready.u can get export fighter within 3 years after signing the contract which no western manufacturer can match in time period.

    Aside from these paper dream projects that are millions if not billions of dollars and years away from being ready, please remind us what the bulk of the Russian AF is using in terms of radar today? Go tell them that slot arrays are useless and obsolete. :rolleyes:

    nope. Not millions and billions away. what Radar is MIG-31 and Su-34 using?

    So what is it then?

    so u havent figured out the issue:rolleyes:

    Ha, more pathetic excuses. China already designed the FBW for the J10, JH7A and FC1, why can’t it do the same for the L15 if they wanted to?

    And where is the evidence that the FBW of the J10 and FC1 is imported?

    already designed. I havent seen a single Russian report that does not mention J-10 without LAVI. so pretty much everything came from there along with Russians.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465447
    star49
    Participant

    Pathetic attempt to distort the facts. How many years did it take the Americans and Europeans, who are far better at radar and avionics then the Russians, to move from the twist cassegrain to PESA? :rolleyes:

    US/EU is behind than Russian radar tech interms of fighter PESA. when first MKI was exported in 2002 what was US/EU actual exporting? pretty much useless Slot array radars. when 400KM IRBIS is offered for export what is EU/US counterpart ready for export. Probably F-18E/F-15 Aesa radar with 200 to 250KM range at most.

    So what is your point? If there is no law suit, then there is no issue is there? :rolleyes:

    there is issue.

    America buys bras from China, does that mean America can’t design and manufacture bras? :rolleyes: The L15 is clearly heavily influenced by the Yak130, so why bother wasting years and millions designing your own FBW when you can just buy a ready made version off the shelf today and for a lot less?

    Besides, I’m still waiting of that proof that the FBW of the J10 and FC1 are imported.

    Americans clearly made modern Bras before China which is not the case with trainer aircraft. u basically dont know how to do things first time.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465470
    star49
    Participant

    .

    The J-10 only shares a general similarity of configuration with the Lavi; not a single part of both aircraft are interchangeable.

    20 years have passed. Even single part between F-16A and F-16E and between Su-27SK and Su-35 will not be interchangeable.

    And what’s that BULL**** from Star49 about FBW? FBW are completely customized to every aircraft it is designed for and cannot be interchanged. They are that strictly tailored to each and every particular aircraft, which will have very different C/G, Reynold Numbers, L/D ratios, etc,.. Nothing is more peculiar, unique, particularly individualistic of any component inside an aircraft than its FBW. The F-16’s FBW will not work with the Lavi’s and neither will the Lavi’s work with the J-10. The L-15 is done in partnership with Yakolev, but the FC-1 is not. As a matter of fact, the J-11B’s FBW—a digital system as a matter of fact—is a new system that shares nothing in common with the Su-27SK’s analog system. The changes in the J-11B would have meant redrafting its flight behavior, and already have required a new FBW system.

    I have never said FBW is copy and paste. If u cant design a FBW for a trainer 10 years after the fighter it is highly unlikely that u have done it before without foreign help. there is possibility of hiring ex-ussr engineers.

    As far as legal action is concerned, tough luck. No international court has any jurisdiction with inter country arms trade. Your hope is to file a court case within the courts of that country. Except that both Russia and China do not have reliable legal systems. Countries that are unhappy with their purchases from Russia, e.g. India and Venenzuela, actually have very little legal recourse when dealing with the issues they have with Russian systems, hence why India has begun shifting to the West.

    Come back when India actually began building Western figheters and tanks not some source of parts.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465777
    star49
    Participant

    So in four years the Russians went from SK to MKI standard? :rolleyes:

    So do u think they need 40 years to upgrade avionics of same airframe.:rolleyes:

    Idiotic response. You quoted one of my paragraphs and made a big rant about how the Russians had better tech when I was talking about China supplying itself that had nothing to do with exports. The J11B is made by the Chinese, and unless they put it on the market, then its not for export. That does not change just because some newspaper meantioned ‘export’ of J11s. :rolleyes:

    And just because some newspaper mentioned Law suit it does not mean there is an actual law suit.

    Can you not even read?

    So what you call this law suit claim then?

    Read that again and repeat until you can understand what tha sentence means.

    where is the claim?

    Baseless drivel.

    nope.

    I asked for proof, not for you to repeat yourself.

    Proof is pretty obvious when u cant design FBW for low end aircraft a decade after the high end.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465853
    star49
    Participant

    The SK was showing its age even in 1998, and Russia even then had better avionics and missiles that the PLAAF wanted but the Russians wouldn’t provide. From the start it was clear that there was a ‘cap’ on the tech level of gear Russia was willing to export to China, and it was lower then for India and that is what irked the Chinese. As for for the cheaper contract, well that was less of a case of the Russians giving China a price cut then of the Russians making as much profit as they can from the Indians.

    Agreement for Sk license was signed in 1996 and I dont believe Chinese had the kind of money at that time for more expensive products. Agreement with India signed in december 2000.

    :rolleyes: Please try to read what has been written and understand it before hitting the reply button and posting a rank on something you imagined. Nowhere in that paragraph did I meantion or even allude to international export competition, but was talking about the supplying of the PLAAF. Chinese kit are now more advanced then anything the Russians have offered China so far. The Russians might have better gear in the works, but they never offer them for sale to China despite obvious interest from the PLA.

    the whole issue is revolved around J-11B export. It has been mentioned specifically that J-11B in threat to export in RIA NOVISIT article which represent official position to certain extent.

    So what you call this law suit claim then? Because you are in lala land if you think there is any chance at all the Russians would get anywhere with such a suit. As for the JF17/FC1, well that is not a product that would compete directly with any Russian aircraft, so of course they are cool about making a decent profit selling engines for it.

    where is the suit claim that i made. neither does J-11B/J-10 can compete with Russian products. Chinese simply cannot demand higher money for obsolete products.

    Care to furbish us with evidence that the FBW in the FC1 is not Chinese? :rolleyes:

    L-15 FBW is Russian by that logic J-10/FC-1 FBW is imported as u cannot go into reverse

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465865
    star49
    Participant

    Russia really screwed the pooch wrt the Flanker deal with China. In a way, it was a self fulfilling prophicy created by Russia’s own greed and pananoia.

    The Russians were so afraid that China would rip off the Su27 that they only agreed to give China an out-dated and watered down version of the Su27, while offering better equipment to India to the quiet fury of Chinese generals and leaders. Then their servicing of the Flankers China did buy was poor by forcing the PLAAF to send engines back to Russia to be overhauled as the Russians did not want to establish such a facility in China. That made the Flanker availability pretty poor to start with, as well as adding a lot to operating costs.

    It has never been mentioned that they offer water down when Su-30MKI was not ready untill 2004. and China paid $2.5B for 200 Flankers vs $3.3B for 140 for India. and Ruble was more valuable before 1998 crises than after. China got alot cheaper deal.

    All that pretty much forced China to seek to go with domestic gear, which had become more capable, cheaper, and probably more reliable then anything the Russians were willing or able to provide, so it really become a no-brainer to choose Chinese kit to install on the Flankers. What could have been a successful long-term partnership has turn sour, and Russia’s attitude is almost certain to have played a big part in China’s decision to go with its own XXJ instead of joining the PAK-AF project.

    Capable, reliable? that must be a Joke. Cheaper i can understand. as Wage has been risen tremendously in Russia. Su-35 with $70M price tag will still win a export competition vs $35M J-11B.

    Now it would seem that the Russians are getting awefully concerned and threatened by the J11B, because why else would they make noise about IP infringement and trying to rubbish the plane without actually making a legal claim? Because so long as China does not export the J11B, then the Russians would be really had pressed to make their case.

    I havent seen they are concerned by anthing Chinese atall. They are more than willing to supply engines, parts to any single engine fighter made in China.

    Hell, unless you have a copy of the contract telling you what is allowed or not, then you simply can’t know if Russia has a case at all, at least for production for internal use. It would be a different matter if SAC tried to sell the J11B on the international market as I don’t think there is an icecubes chance in hell of the Russians ever allowing that in any contract. But it is not doing that, and unless it does, then that is a moot point.

    First China should try to sell those L-15/K-8/FC-1 with its own engines and FBW.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2465884
    star49
    Participant

    One, there has been no official Russian case logged anywhere.

    Two, as far as piracy is concerned, just this week, the US cited Russia as much of a violator as China.

    http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5h53Lg4-fGTvNehL9bjjbNXlq9Pnw

    Russia has no leg to stand on. And certainly not in any international court.

    West cannot make any copy right claim against Russia. have you read the past 300 Years history? Western World Maths. and Science is completely based on Russian Academy of Science works. just count who went to US before and after 1917 revolution.
    Just Israel alone has more than 1.5milllion immigrants from ex-USSR and from there all the Lavi/Core 2 came. These people took knowledge from Russian Universities.
    u put selective quote. Russian piracy is mostly related to internet and optical media and they have made improvements to it what was happening in factories. So it looks more as household problem as opposed to Factory Problem in China.

    http://afp.google.com/article/ALeqM5h53Lg4-fGTvNehL9bjjbNXlq9Pnw
    Russia has made some progress in improving its IPR regime, for example in raiding unlicensed factories.

    However, large-scale production and distribution of IP-infringing optical media and Internet piracy in Russia “remain significant problems that require more enforcement action.”

    in reply to: The PAK-FA Saga Episode III #2466212
    star49
    Participant

    star49, I agree with your view fully. In my view, nothing more need be concluded after the statements of Mr. Pogosyan and Mr. Alexei Fedorov themselves, who have said that India is just a financier and that India will not play any any role in the finalized design of the PAK-FA.

    The PAK-FA has been under development since 2002 — without an Indian “whiff” so far — and has begun prototype production, with India formally still out of it. All its design, engine, avionics and weaponry have been frozen i.e. digitalized by Russia.
    IAF’s initial QSRs were sent back to India (rather rejected) on the grounds that it is too late to incorporate them. The PAK-FA is to be inducted in Russia, in just 6 years after its first flight in 2009. In this scenario, it may be subjectively very difficult for the PAK-FA to be called a “joint venture”.

    It must be observed that there is often not even a passing mention of India in the various news Russian reports about the PAK-FA. At the “eleventh hour” before its first flight next year, Brazil is also being invited to the project. Thus, the claim of PAK-FA being a 50-50 joint partnership or 50-50 IPR between India and Russia now stands false.

    I think it would be naive to believe that Sukhoi is in “dire” need of HAL. It can be safely stated that Sukhoi is well equipped and capable of making a 5 G fighter plane by itself, but for lack of funds.
    At most, HAL will be outsourced testing and reportage, and “mundane” R&D work like analysis/process consultancy/info mining, thats it.

    I dont think Sukhoi is looking for development money thats why they are in no hurry. they have to just dig the ground to find money.

    http://www.moscowtimes.ru/article/1009/42/362306.htm
    In a further blow to the economy, companies cannot develop 23 large deposits of natural resources because they lack access roads, Levitin said, according to his ministry’s web site

    they are just looking at customers by hooking them up in the begining. PAK-FA develoment will be finished before IndiaBrazil could sign for it. and there are other customers like Kazakistan they are going to become very rich with uranium/Gas deposits. so there will be customers for PAK-FA in time. and they will make various modification for each customer.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2466235
    star49
    Participant

    Su27SM was offered to China but other than some rumour, PLAAF never order anything. Instead J-11B keep chunking out and J-11BS going to come out soon….

    Btw, from a russian website. I can hardly believe its words!

    that was export model SKM not SM.

    in reply to: Russia may sue China over pirated fighter #2466375
    star49
    Participant

    IF i have to write some thing about J-11. it will be along this lines. obsolete fighter with LCD displays.

    http://en.rian.ru/analysis/20080425/105928822.html
    China copies obsolete Russian fighter
    17:17 | 25/ 04/ 2008

    MOSCOW. (RIA Novosti military commentator Ilya Kramnik) – Earlier this year reports appeared in the media that China had copied Russia’s Sukhoi Su-27 Flanker fighter, and that its J-11 version, now manufactured in China, would be sold to third countries, undermining Russia’s positions on the global arms market.

    Although China has made some progress in adapting Russian designs and technology, it is still far from posing either a military or commercial threat to Russian aviation.

    The Chinese aircraft industry evolved in the late 1950s with Soviet assistance, and soon mastered production of the Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 Fagot and MiG-17 Fresco fighters, the Ilyushin Il-28 medium-range bomber and other warplanes. Later China got more modern aircraft from the U.S.S.R. – Tu-16, MiG-21, An-12 and others.

    By cooperating closely with the Soviet Union, China managed to create a modern air force by the mid-1960s. However, this progress was squandered, and the national aircraft industry began to stagnate, after the beginning of the Cultural Revolution in the late 1960s.

    Throughout the 1960s and the 1970s, China failed to develop any new aircraft, instead manufacturing the Q-5 and J-8 – revamped versions of the MiG-19 Farmer and MiG-21 Fishbed fighters.

    Meanwhile, both the Soviet Union and the United States were developing fourth-generation fighters by that time. By the mid-1980s, the Chinese Air Force was lagging behind Russia and the United States by some 15-20 years.

    Beijing mostly sold its obsolete warplanes to the poorest Third World countries, including Albania, Uganda and Bangladesh. China also exported its aircraft to Pakistan, a potential ally against India.

    Chinese leaders eventually resolved to rectify the situation by purchasing up-to-date aircraft production technologies. In 1988, China bought production forms and records for Israel’s Lavi multi-role fighter. Sixteen years later, in 2004, China mastered production of the Chengdu J-10 – an essentially Israeli warplane featuring Russian avionics.

    Moscow and Beijing mended relations in the late 1980s, leading in 1989 to the signing of several military-technical cooperation agreements that facilitated technology transfers.

    Most importantly, Beijing received production forms, records and assembly kits for the Su-27, as well as several Su-30-MKK fighters from Russia. By mastering these advanced warplanes, China obtained superiority over its neighbors and gained an insight into the latest aviation technologies.

    Nevertheless, Chinese engineers have so far failed to master production of the Su-27’s AL-31F power-plant. Its Chinese copy, the WS-10A, is less fuel-efficient and has a shorter service life. On the other hand, the J-11B, an upgraded J-11 version, has a pilot-friendly cockpit with color LCD screens.

    A new Su-27 radar reportedly developed by China has better specifications than the Soviet-made N-001 radar, but is inferior to Russia’s more modern Irbis radar.

    To sum up, China has managed to copy an aircraft developed in the early 1980s 15 years after the initial Su-27 deliveries, and 10 years after the first Chinese-assembled Su-27 performed its maiden flight.

    But the prototype Su-27 and the J-11 are no match for the revamped Su-27SM fighters now being adopted by the Russian Air Force and the new Su-35BM, which has entered its testing stage.

    Although the J-11 will carve out its own market niche, this does not mean that Russian-made aircraft will lose their popularity. Nor will China pose a greater military threat to Russia. It is evident that neither Moscow nor Beijing wants an open military conflict. Even if such a hypothetic conflict ever flared up, it would be decided by weapons other than advanced fighters.

    in reply to: The PAK-FA Saga Episode III #2466821
    star49
    Participant

    Any plane that the IAF purchases is evaluated whether it meets requirements. None of the planes in IAF’s current inventory (except Su-30 MKI) have ben built as per IAF’s ASRs from “scratch”. At most, the PAK-FA will be like the Su-30 MKI only, developed over a model similar to that of the JSF consortium.
    .

    I think u cannot bring MKI example as those times they were just emerging from communist time and most of factories were closed. (Russia byitself hasnt adopted anything from MKI program). Su-35 is 100% better than Su-30MKI without single foreign screw. PAK-FA will be even more as Russians are this time going for full Industrial cycle revamp that inculding modern fabs. I have yet to see a single news item of Russia buying Industrial machinery form China/India/Brazil. All news item are related to worker training in Germany/EU and imports from Japan. So base on this known facts technical contribution from Brazil/India/China are of no interest to them.

Viewing 15 posts - 1,006 through 1,020 (of 3,118 total)