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Due to the afterburner plume’s effects, the RCS was magnified exponentially at supersonic speed. The airframe itself was designed to have a reduced RCS, and was in fact redesigned at one point to further that goal. And that a lot of the effects of sustained Mach 3 flight weren’t exactly well known? .
Where you get that from? Things to wonder is why they ever bothered to put RAM fairings on Blackbird to lower RCS when the afterburner plume did the opposite exponentially? The RCS problem of the plume should have been known from the beggining, from the first supersonic flight of A-12.
Here is the mechanism of creating radar backscatter from the Space shuttle exhaust plume. In my understanding the exhaust plume is creating a cone of charged ice particles causing radar backscatter when irradiating from the side. The question is what amount of radar returns you get when you irradiate the exhaust plume cone from head on? I can accept the Blackbird RCS being screwed up by the exhaust plume effect from the side, but we were talking frontal RCS at first!!
Do you even know what terrorism is? Pretty much the same as the rest of the world’s outside of the Bush-hating hysterics.
I suppose for the majority of your society the terrorism means hijacking planes and blowing up buildings by al-Qaeda. I doubt you ever bothered what else can be considered as an acts of terrorism and what rest of the world are you talking about? Anyone with a bit brain hate that retard who set up world into war and fear due to 9/11.
if a dinosaur killer landed on Slovokia the first words out of the mouths of 99% of earth’s population would be “Where?” How ’bout I just spell Slovokia “H-O-S-T-E-L”.
Much love for your infantile remarks! It is no wonder that you love watching retarded movies too.:D
I can do pretty much whatever I want with my life (within the boundaries of the legal system…I suppose I COULD be a serial killer but I’d have to pay the price for it eventually)……..
Honestly, I haven`t heard that first time from an American, why you all want to be a serial killer on the first place? š Is that because your American dream culture is the only one where killing and violence is glamorized by the media?
Ah, now the whole society is just a bunch of retards.
Not whole SOC. Even God did not want to condemn Sodom and Gomorrah for a few righteous people, neither do I. As I pointed out there is something you should be worried about, when your society is honouring morbid things. Right, the truth hurts.
A fan of killing Americans, are you?.
I did say do not expect my regrets, that`s all. I`m not a fan of killing at all, but this is interesting I never heard you asking me that about Iraqis, Serbs, Afghans.
Retard showing finger:D
it looks pretty retarded, if you ask me..
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_park
Thanks, it is enough to read the first sentence from that link….What society would ever reward creators of such retarded cartoon serie with an Award for television production? Undoubtedly, the most retarded one. Now, their retarded president spreading terrorism all around the world wants to build missile and radar stations here and put Europe to another era of anxiety.
It is time to apologize!
So, do not ever expect my regrets on 9/11.
South Park isn’t a documentary.
Never heard of South Park, what is it?
You have to learn the details first…….We keep in mind that in SU-times all children learned that socialist weaponary is always superior to capitalist ones. During Glasnost that blind faith in own capabilities faded, but was reborn after some distance from that. Former questioned thruth is published again with an surprising level of blind faith.
As always just trying to look smart by putting unrelated stuff here. What all this has to do with Blackbird RCS??
Just because it didn’t work doesn’t mean it wasn’t intended to work.
It seems that I`m still missing your point. You are saying that they installed RAM fairings to lower RCS, but still the Blackbird had RCS size of the B-52. :rolleyes:
I guess we can write off every Russian source then, as they did report in a few outlets that B-2As were shot down over the FRY, right?…I guess continuing an educated and civil discussion is out of the question, since you seem wont to disparage both my countrymen and have decided to lump me in with the same crowd. So be it.
š® I really have no idea why you started to mention Russians, how were they connected to our discussion on SR-71? I felt this would have been a waste of my time, so go heal your “Russian complex” somewhere else. At last, you seem to be the type of guy how believes that a plane hit the Pentagon on September 11. Yeaah, it`s shame that it did not.:(
Cheers
M
If the threat doesn’t emit (like B-2 and F-22/35 are designed not to emit), then there is nothing for those ESM systems to detect.
An aircraft which doesnt emit any kind of signal?. During the mission does the B2 have its tactical air navigation and flight data (radioalt) gears, distance measurement beacons and iff transponders, digital communications datalinks and radio eq. swithed off?
That is according to Lockheed Martin and declasified CIA source material, but I guess they’re lying because they’re American, right?…..Lockheed, the CIA, the USAF…all of them must be completely wrong then.
At least, it sounds weird when they say the aircraft has been designed with reduced RCS in mind, but at the end the aircraft had the biggest RCS ever detected. Then one can say they work on the RCS reduction was worth nothing.
After all, it is true that CIA and US military officials are known for being faithful and credible source of information.:D š š
Probably the first A-12 test articles were not that fast(I mean endurance at top speeds), managing the high temperature gradients on the airframe took some time. The titanium triangle-shaped LE/TE structure filled with high-temperature fiberglass-asbestos materials was the next step, also counting with full surface high emmisive black and ablation coatings. As I remember the first A-12 were unpainted(titanium color) with black chines and leading edges
adding a tiny box to the side of an F-117A is enough to totally obliterate it’s RCS and make it trackable by a civillian air traffic control radar, then the effects of the plume and the airframe on the Blackbird’s RCS could easily be significant .
Do they really add something metalic (a box:eek: š® ) on that fck diamond to make it visible for civilian air traffic control radars?? I thought this explanation was ment for less educated population. I think the pilot switches ON the APX gear in S mode level 3 and the F-117 immediately appears on all ATC radars. Isn`t that a much easier solution?:cool:
You’ll also figure out why most of the RCS reduction work was negated by the introduction of the computer-controlled TALL KING EW radars.
Buddy, I do not need to figure out doubtful findings of your fellow countrymen about soviet TALL KING radars, when the original documentation is lying on my desk.
from every three promises an American gives to you, one is a complete BS, one is a greatly exaggerated marketing gig and from the last one he tries to suck out 150% of agreed winnings..
I like that statement, could be applied anywhere, anytime. š
Did you even read the part where the aircraft’s RCS was around 1 meter? And that this did not take the afterburner plume into account? In case you weren’t paying attention, the ‘burner plume would’ve made the RCS larger, not smaller
I think I understood you right, you said that without the plume effect the RCS would have been closer to 0m2. Geeez….how you get to that anyway?.:eek:
Notice how they were saying the exact same thing I was
You were saying RCS 1m2 head on, they were saying the largest one ever detected, do you see the difference? The SR-71 might have RCS 100m2 or bigger, then talking stealth as you did is just foolish….do not you think?
I have no idea the extent that the exhaust plume and even the airframe expansion at Mach 3 cruise affected the RCS. But it did affect it, and negatively.
It doesn`t matter, it might doubled it, but no way a hundredfold increase of RCS due to plume. Therefore the RCS value was not important, the main goal was the speed.
What part of “the aircraft was designed for reduced RCS, and it didn’t work out like they had hoped” is hard for you to understand? The A-12 design was reprofiled to reduce it’s RCS in the design phase, that is where the inward-canted fins and chines came from.
Geeez….you are hard case, what part was designed for reduced RCS when the Blackbird had the largest RCS ever detected. Why would they ever bother to reduce RCS then ????. Anyway, I explained my points to you one year ago, you seem to be totally unknowledgeable when talking about aerodynamics at high supersonic. You are seeing only STEALTH and nothing else.
That “non-metallic” stuff was specifically RAM. Why else would RAM be put into the aircraft if not to reduce the RCS.
That is totaly BS, the “non-metalic” stuff is high temperature insulating material, fiberglass-asbestos laminates which are known for their excellent heat resistance, they substantially reduced kinetic heating of the SR-71 titanium structure. Realize they were heated to 400-500degree Celsius!!. It works the same way as ceramic tiles on the Space shuttle. Then it is logic that when you put non-metalic stuff instead of metalic on leading edges you get less radar returns, but this was not the reason they were instaled.
It was either Ben Rich or Kelly Johnson that commented when the SR-71 was retired that the Blackbird enjoyed an RCS equal to what the B-1Bs had at that time. That’d be in the 1m2 realm according to open-source reporting on RCS values of combat aircraft (although I’ve seen 0.75m2 for one or the other at some point, I just can’t remember where). Very, very not bad in 1960. Contrary to popular belief here, the Blackbird was in fact designed with reduced RCS in mind. It was intended to have a reduced RCS and high-speed and altitude capability to make it more survivable than the U-2. It didn’t work as effectively as they wanted it to, in part because it was found that the afterburner plumes were large radar reflectors at Mach 3. This is why shots of A-12 pole models later on in the program had large black fairings extending out of the nozzles: they were calculating the RCS at cruise speed and began to take the afterburner plume’s RCS into account. Ergo, the 1m2 value is probably a head-on value, and that would have been influenced by caustics resulting from the intake lips. Take away the caustics effects and the ‘burner plume effects and it might actually have been closer to 0m2 than 1m2. Still, a remarkable achievement in 1960-63. What people fail to comprehend is that the jet was designed for reduced RCS, even though the results weren’t what they hoped they’d be. As it turned out, high speed and high altitude proved to be fine, especially since the USSR overflight mission ended with FGP’s U-2 shootdown. I could go on all night, so I’ll stop now :D.
Hmmm, if those RCS values were true then most of powerful PVO(air defense) early warning radars like the P-14 TALL KING, P-18 SPOON REST(metric band) or surveillance and tracking radars(cm wave band) would pick up the Blackbird flying at altitude of 25-30km within a distance of 250km only. Just worth noting that when flying at speeds circa 3500km/h, it takes about 4 minutes to travel 250km leaving virtually no chance for the QRA(quick reaction alert) forces even to take off!!!:eek: :rolleyes:
Surprisingly, most of long range radars located at the border(PVO units) with Germany were picking up the Blackbird immediately when it entered west Europa continent heading east. For example the P-35/37 BAR LOCK surveillance radars have effective range 200km against the target with RCS 1m2 at altitude of 25km(source: radar operating manual), but actually radars were able to see the incomming SR-71 at range of 600-700km!!(source:military archives) How is that possible? Again it is worth to note that with these radars we were able to track air traffic over Paris which is roughly 1000km away. Of course, targets with RCS of a commercial passenger jet like. This was useful against big NATO bombers such as the B-52. The Habu`s strong radar return on the screens was easily distinguishable, because no plane was moving so fast and at that altitude.
Some quotes from internet webpages supporting my words.
HUNTING THE HABU
http://www.airsceneuk.org.uk/oldstuff/2006/sr71/sr71.htm
In fact the SR-71 was one of the most un-stealthiest of designs, producing one of the largest radar signatures ever detected on the Federal Aviation Agencies long-range radars! Due to the extreme heat from the exhaust plume, FAA controllers could easily track an SR-71 at ranges of several hundred miles when flown at its operational altitude.
Even this contradictory article at the FAS.org has the same stated….:)
SENIOR CROWN SR-71
http://www.fas.org/irp/program/collect/sr-71.htm
Although most news reports characterize the SR-71 aircraft as `radar evading’, in point of fact, however, the SR-71 was one of the largest radar targets ever detected on the FAA’s long-range radars. The FAA was able to track it at ranges of several hundred miles. The explanation offered was that the radars were detecting the exhaust plume.
So, with west sources admitting that Blackbird could be detected at a range of several hundred miles which doesnt correspond with your belief of small RCS, then what “true world” frontal RCS the Blackird was giving? If it is true that the exhaust plume, precisely ionized gas and dust particles were causing the large RCS returns, I would like to get your opinion on this question.
Was Kelly Johnson so dumb that he put enormous effort into something (reduced RCS of the SR-71) what would have been devalued considerably during operational flight conditions?
I do not think so, becasue the Blackbird was designed to withstand kinetic heating at 400deg Celsius and for flying at Mach 3 speeds rather than for reduced RCS. Thus the aircraft shape with chines, vertical tails canted inwards, ablative paint dissipating heat, better emissive black color than silver titanium and high-temperature fiberglass-asbestos laminates in leading/trailing edges.
Lately, during the “stealth mania” due to misunderstanding and limited awareness of SR-71 design features, someone realized that when putting non-metalic structures into leading/trailing edges instead of metal might have positive impact on aircraft`s RCS. The “stealth” hype about the Blackbird was created.
I could go on all night, so I’ll stop now
In all due respect you are wrong, so please stop spreading rumours.!!
regards
Martinez
It has taken a long time, but my trip report of an aviation visit in September 2006 to Moscow & the Gelendzhik Hydroaviation show is finally up and running.
In Moscow we went to the Moscow Aviation Institute, Monino, Chernoye, Bykovo, Domodedovo and Vnukovo airports as well as Khodynka and the Central Armed Forces museums.
We then flew down to Krasnodar on the Black Sea coast ā where we did a ramp tour before taking a coach to Gelendzhik for the Floatplane show.
We also did a ramp tour at Anapa airport ā plus visits to monuments at Novorossisk and Krymsk.
The report is photo-intense (180 photos) ā but there should be something for everyone.
The report is on my website at :- http://mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/flankers_pages/moscow_2006.html
Other trip reports are at :- http://mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/visits_pages/newvisits.html
Iād appreciate any feedback on spelling mistakes, missing links etc
Enjoy
Ken Duffey
Well done Ken!!. Thanks for taking me on the tour, I enjoyed it immensely and as always, your trip keeps me inspired and motivated. I`m planning to hit the Moscow in August too.
Would like to know how much money it took to travel with the mentioned George Pick Aerotours agency. Thanks.
P.S. You do not have to worry about turning into a lecher and pervert. You seem to do exactly the same what we photographers are doing on airshows when there is nothing to shoot in the air….we still keep shooting!!. š Looking forward to see more galleries like this one…..
http://mysite.wanadoo-members.co.uk/flankers_pages/mos2006_zhenshina.html
Best regards
Martinez
……….would largely depend on…… maneuverability..
please do not forget to mention also the “high off boresight weapons, decoys, chaff, flares and electronic/optics sensors”, bcs they will crucify you when counting on maneuverability only….:)
Cobra is almost ridiculous….. In the US, even a $70K boat can go easily over 120deg š Here is a proof..
š Yeaahh, that was a full-blooded COBRA maneuver, even with some unwanted yaw in the departure. Guys(pilots) should apply asymmetric thrust and rudder inputs ot deal with the yaw!!. Also some fools here have compared the flanker with RC prop planes being able to perform the cobra.:eek::D
It HAS no tactical value right now.
At least, but you left yourself a back door. Aren`t you a diplomat?;)
What makes me say the contrary is a working professional knowledge of air combat tactics. I’m speaking in “right now” terms.
For sure, I`m not having your “professional knowledge of air combat tactics”, but I would bet a lot that you are wrong when counting with the BVR only. In a global war the Awacs, J-stars and satellites will be blown out from the sky like a flame of a candle by the enemy which ends up by loosing your superior battlespace awareness. Then what will be the outcome when stealth aircraft battling against stealth, how will your tactics develop then? It seems to be logical what Flex has said before that the knife combat might become the most important scenario again. Anyway, since when have aircraft handling qualities become useless in the air combat tactics? I think that US air combat tacticians never considered them uselles, that`s why the Raptor has got them vastly improved.
I’ll try and find my YF-17 book this weekend. I’ll add that to the list of crap I need to find sooner rather than later as everything is still mostly in boxes around here.
Back to the mentioned “hang and look” maneuver. Firstly, I wont start next flame discussion whether the “hang and look” is or is not the cobra manuever. Secondly, you do not need to search your books about the YF-17, surely you have more important things to do. The article I was refering before shows a very nice high AOA flight envelope diagram of the YF-17. The “hang and look” was a maneuver introduced during the high alpha testing phase. The aircraft achieved about 50degree AOA only during this maneuver while remainning in a steady straightforward flight without yaw and banking. As you see this mediocre AOA pitch-ups are nowadays performed on airshows by the F-18 and other modern a/cs. So, you can still claim the YF-17 has been able to perform the cobra, I wont argue with you even if that was something totaly different. Do not worry, it happens sometimes that one is not able to distinguish between a half and full loop maneuver.
Regards
Martinez
P.S.Maybe you`ll find this article interesting
What makes the Cobra maneuver possible?
http://pdf.aiaa.org/preview/1993/PV1993_183.pdf
That is the RM-122 rocket launcher for four unguided air2surface missiles LR-122 mm (soviet S-13) originally tested for helos, than also migs and sukhois. I doubt it went abroad, it is our invention. IIRC there exists also a six pack. Hopefully will find a picture…