I reckon F-35 will be released to these countries once Israel has a full allocation of its own and then probably downgraded (like initial Saudi F-15S (downgraded F-15E))..

This assumes continuation of US-Israeli relationship at current levels.

Regarding performance of American aircraft in hot and sandy conditions, we should also mention that Kuwait has operated F/A-18s for two decades, Oman and Bahrain have F-16s. And many operators have flown F-5 for a long period of time as well.

Oh and the US flew there for decades too.

I think reasons for only European fightersare stronger contenders than American aircraft is as follows:

1. These countries are not authorised for F-35.
2. They can buy F-16 or F/A-18 or F-15 but probably view these types as less prestigious old technology.
3. Eurofighter and Rafale represent pinnacle of European aircraft design so are acceptable.
4. They do not want to be locked into a single supplier.
5. There’s probably some bribes there too.

Most Gulf airforces might operate super advanced kit but their air forces are in many ways rich boy’s clubs and show pieces for people who have more money than sense.

Yes it can. Consider the way the Germans used tanks in 1940, & compare it with how the French used them. There’s usually more than one way to use any particular set of gear.Not so simple. A military often decides on a method of operation, then gets what it needs to implement it. This may be a complete re-equipment, if resources allow, or adding relatively minor components to permit a different mode of use of existing kit.

Problem with Argentina is that they’re at least 3 and possibly 4 decades behind current trends and the military establishment seems stuck in 1982 in terms of mindset.

Organisational culture is critical.