If there was a modification to an existing contract, that would also show as a separate entry.
This is why the latest LM contract starts with:
Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Co., Fort Worth, Texas, is being awarded a $3,485,385,767 modification to a previously awarded cost-plus-incentive-fee contract (N00019-09-C-0010).
I searched the contract announcement website and the only F135 contracts are the Long Lead type. I do not think that there have been separate final F135 purchase contracts as they are wrapped up in the above, final LM contract.
It seems that Long Lead type contracts are awarded to the supplying companies but the purchase contract is made with LM only.
btw, Those Long Lead contracts only amount to about 15% of the final F135 cost.
I have found the original contract award notice.
Lockheed Martin Corp., Lockheed Martin Aeronautics Co., Fort Worth, Texas, is being awarded a $3,485,385,767 modification to a previously awarded cost-plus-incentive-fee contract (N00019-09-C-0010). This modification converts contract type for the efforts described below from a cost-plus-incentive-fee to a fixed-price-incentive (firm target) for the manufacture and delivery of F-35 Joint Strike Fighter low rate initial production Lot IV aircraft. This modification provides for the procurement of 10 conventional take-off and landing aircraft for the U.S. Air Force; 16 short take-off vertical landing (STOVL) aircraft for the U.S. Marine Corps; one STOVL aircraft for the United Kingdom Royal Navy; and four carrier variant aircraft for the U.S. Navy. In addition, this modification provides for the procurement of associated ancillary mission equipment, flight test instrumentation, and manufacturing support equipment. Work will be performed in Fort Worth, Texas, and is expected to be completed in March 2013. Contract funds in the amount of $21,773,633 will expire at the end of the current fiscal year. This modification combines purchases for the U.S. Air Force ($1,099,960,361; 31.6 percent); the U.S. Marine Corps ($1,685,707,859; 48.4 percent); the U.S. Navy ($582,147,988; 16.6 percent); and the United Kingdom ($117,569,559; 3.4 percent). The Naval Air Systems Command, Patuxent River, Md., is the contracting activity.
A few things that we can derive from this announcement.
1. This is the Flyaway cost (not REC Flyaway) as it includes ancillary equipment, support equipment, etc.
2. We can now see the per-type cost.
3. This includes engines (as there are no contract awards to Pratt for the F135, only long lead F135 awards).
4. They were able to contract this for far less than the FY2010 budget estimate.
5. The F-35B seems to be cheaper than the F-35A when bought in these quantities (16 vs 10).
Here is the cost breakdown:
Contract Price $3,485,385,767 </p>
<p>Plane Percent Qty Total Per Plane FY2010 Est % Cheaper<br />
F-35A 31.6% 10 1,099,960,361 $109,996,036 $188,404,400 41.62<br />
F-35B 48.4% 16 1,685,707,859 $105,356,741 $187,640,600 43.85<br />
F-35C 16.6% 4 582,147,988 $145,536,997 $187,640,600 22.44<br />
F-35UK 3.4% 1 117,569,559 $117,569,559
I will be first to say that something seems off. Either that or someone seriously overestimated the FY2010 budget estimate.
Likely missing elements are long lead payments already made.
The flight test costs are like a “test drive” that LM does before delivery to the owner. This is not SDD related.
Sorry, that’s not how procurement works. LM is not being promised a long term profit and the DoD aint paying for it.
LRIP 4 cost what it costs and nothing more.
When they shut down the F-35 line (either in 20 years or 2) there will be additional “line closing” costs just like the F-22 line, but no ability to add uncollected profit from shortened orders.
If something after LRIP4 gets reduced then that LRIP will cost more than it was projected but will not effect LRIP4 prices.
btw, LRIP4 is not tentative pricing. There are 2 price points, expected and ceiling. LM & DoD will share any costs (50/50) on anything that goes above expected but below the ceiling. Anything above ceiling is on LM 100%.
Is that A, B, C or average and is it REC Flyaway, Weapons system, etc?
IR tracking is only the 2nd half of IRST, don’t forget that the S stands for Search.
actually, Predators and Reapers started replacing manned aircraft back in 2003.
Sorry, I should have said “UCAVs are decades away from replacing ALL manned missions”
There are four things keeping UCAVs from doing this.
1. A well developed AI
2. Bandwidth
3. Bandwidth
4. Bandwidth
In case you missed it, bandwidth is also important.
Seriously though, a A2A UCAV would need total 360 SA in order to replace a pilot’s Mk1 Eyeball. That means that a large radar and an EODAS like series of sensors. Bandwidth comes into play because all that data has to be sent in real-time back to the controller. Now multiply that by all the UCAVs worldwide and you start to see the problem of limited bandwidth.
Now throw in the bad guy having comm jammers and the importance of an AI comes into play.
UCAVs are decades away from replacing manned missions, especially in the A2A arena that the F-22 lives in.
Is there another A/ESA aperture-based jammer on the market?
Yeah, Rafale which has SPECTRA.
active phased-array transmitters
Straight from the manufacturer.
http://www.thalesgroup.com/Portfolio/Defence/Aerospace_Product_SPECTRA/
If your mission was to include communications jamming, which transmitters and receivers would you jam with precisely aimed beams? There are literally hundreds of radios to jam – many of them mobile and in aircraft, and for the most part, are usually not transmitting. How would this work? The ALQ-99 equipped aircraft would use one of their low band jammers and make a lot of noise across the spectrum – something a potential HOJ seeker could be designed to target.
Minor point but you do not jam a transmitter, just a receiver. With radar these are one in the same, but in comms they are different.
Btw, the ALQ-99 does not jam in a wide area (ie broadcast type), only in a concentrated cone shape. Radio comms jamming is what Compass Call EC-130s are for, not ALQ-99 equipped aircraft. They stay far outside the threat area precisely because any radio homing missile could easily knock them out.
http://www.af.mil/information/factsheets/factsheet.asp?fsID=190
http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?storyID=123030212
Maybe the answer lies within this statement:
“what we’re talking about here is basically a continuous wave kind of duty cycle, AESA array that’s not typically radar. We are adapting radar technology to a jammer,” said Chris Falco, Northrop Grumman chief engineer.
http://www.aviationtoday.com/av/issue/feature/Jammer-Next_70621.html
That has nothing to do with whether a jamming beam is a tight beam or a spread out one. Really, try doing some research as it is common knowledge that event the Rafale has a AESA based jammer.
The bottom line is it seems like NGJ will have different modes to counter various threat. It may use ESA apertures, but that does not mean that it will function like an AESA radar in all modes and scenarios. From the articles I’ve read, the ESA is providing a steerable array that covers 360.
Steve Morais, BAE Systems director of attack solutions, said the “NGJ’s requirements call for antenna concepts which differ from conventional AESAs. We are advancing low-profile, electronically steered arrays which support wide bandwidth, high duty cycle operation and are compatible with SWAP (size, weight and power) constrained pod installations.”
Your just making my point for me. “Steerable” means that it does not broadcast in all directions at once. Doing so would invite attack and also reduce the total effective jamming power by several orders of magnitude.
Wideband does not mean a wide cone of transmission. It means that the same array will be able to handle a wide range of frequencies (X, Ka, S, L etc) without having to swap out modules like the ALQ-99 has to do so today.
By all means, show where a ALQ-99 has been used to jam radio comms.
In order for a missile to use HOJ, the missile has to detect the jamming signal. If the missile is a SAM type and the fire-control radar is the one being jammed, the missile itself is not the jamming target. With the current ALQ-99 the jamming signal is sent in a very large cone that would likely also cover the incoming missile. In this instance the missile could prosecute the mission in HOJ mode.
With the NGJ, and it’s AESA antenna, the jamming signal is a very narrow beam that will likely not include the incoming missile in it’s cone. In this instance the missile is not likely to detect the jamming signal and will not enter HOJ mode.
Think of it this way: I shine a flashlight in your eyes (acquisition and fire-control radar) from 30 feet away and you cannot see me. Your friend (the SAM), standing 10 feet to your right can easily see the light and can guide himself to me. This is how HOJ & older tech jammers work.
Now NGJ and all AESA jammers works differently. I now shine a laser in your eyes from the same 30 feet. However, because the beam is so tight and there are virtually no side-lobes, your friend 10 feet to your right can not see the laser and cannot guide himself to me.
Now throw in “Cooperative EW”. Instead of just me at 30 feet, a few of my friends (other NGJ and APG-81 sets) are scattered around you and we all take turns shining a laser at your eyes. Even if you could HOJ, which one would you choose? Next, as you made your choice and flew to a target what would you do if that target stopped shining the laser (but all my fiends still did)? How would your friend find me now?
The missile itself is an IR or Radar missile. The acquisition and launch of the missile is all radar based, no IRST IIRC.
There is no other emitter that a HOJ missile can home in on except for jamming signals (Home On Jamming). Again, if you have information that shows that missiles in HOJ mode can home in on some other emission besides jamming, please share it.
There are many docs that cover the NGJ project going back 7 years at least. On many of them they discuss the needs of NGJ and here are some:
1. Reduced Side Lobes. This is where AESA (or phased array) antennas shine. If you are jamming the ground radar, the missile itself has a much lower chance to see the jamming and will not likely be able to HOJ. Nothing makes you completely safe from HOJ (just like VLO does not make you invisible), but an AESA based jammer makes it very unlikely that a missile will see a jamming signal that is not directed at the missile.
Currently the ALQ-99’s jammer shines a large cone of jamming in any one location. Each ALQ-99 has 2 transmitter horns and can jam two locations at the same time. I am not privy to the size of those cones, but I would imagine they are easily in the double-digit range. AESA signals, OTOH, are less than a degree in width and are thereby harder to detect unless you are the subject of the jamming. This is exactly why AESA radars are harder to detect unless you are the one being scanned.
2. Multi-beam Phased array transmitters (yes it’s on page 52 of the above linked PDF). This lets the jammer react to multiple emmiters virtually simultaneously.
3. Low/High band modules. The NGJ is envisioned to have only two sets of transmitter pods. This differs from the ALQ-99’s 6+ configurations (of which each ALQ-99 can only hold 2 of the 6). This way the EA aircraft can go with a 1x highband, 2x highband & 1x lowband, or 4x highbnad & 1x lowband (1, 3, or 5 pod setup) configuration. The final configs have not been set as we are still in the early development cycle.
My use of AESA was not quite accurate. “Phased antenna” is more exact as to the requirement.
[Multi-Beam Phased Array Transmitters
Page 52 from this 2008 PDF
Care to show anything to the contrary?
That transmitting antenna will be AESA.