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Mondariz

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Viewing 15 posts - 106 through 120 (of 1,411 total)
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  • in reply to: Lancaster bomb shackles etc in B29's… #1149638
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Ah No – The Teller Ulam design was first proposed in 1951, give or take a bit.

    Tuck invented the shaped charged compression lens and Urchin in April 1944 not for the “super”, but for the Fat Man. Up until then the American in charge of the plutonium weapon, Seth Neddermeyer had met with complete and total failure in his attempts to develop a workable solution so Oppenhiemer fired him.

    As the Teller Ulam design required a sperhical first stage it would not have existed without Tuck’s implosive lens.

    Another very creditable input for developing Fat Man was Canadian Robert Christy who did the final core sizing……. Fat Man is sometimes called the “Christy Gadget”

    The Hydrogen Bomb differed from the Atomic Bomb in that it used radiation implosion rather than explosive lensing. Yes, the primary used explosive lensing, but the Super is really a totally different design.

    You might say that there could be no Super without the primary, but then you might also say, that there would be no Primary without conventional bombs and so forth back in time, until there are only rocks and sticks as weapons. You only get credit for an invention once, development after that is really a further step building on the previous – no matter who developed the first.

    The way an Teller-Ulam design generates neutrons is also very much different from the Urchin used in the Atomic Bombs and is really what sets the Teller-Ulam design apart.

    in reply to: Lancaster bomb shackles etc in B29's… #1150304
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Excuse me – James L Tuck from Manchester;- Credited within officially Manhattan project history as the inventor of the plutonium weapon implosion explosive lenses and the core neutron initiator. Until his genius solved these problems there was no workable solution for a plutonium weapon.

    I didn’t say Teller invented the hydrogen bomb on his own (although that was how he liked to see it) –it’s known as the Teller–Ulam design. However, among the scientists involved in atomic research, Teller was the strongest proponent for developing the “Super”, also known as the Hydrogen Bomb. Tuck was part of the team behind creating a bomb from the Teller-Ulam design – specifically the development of explosive lensing and the Urchin initiator. Problems that would have been solved even without Tuck – the Teller-Ulam design would not have existed without Teller.

    in reply to: Lancaster bomb shackles etc in B29's… #1150306
    Mondariz
    Participant

    I would argue that making one big bang, where accurate targeting wasn’t really too much of a worry was more a middle school science approach.

    The technology in the Grand Slam and its delivery was impressive in its own way.

    Tube Alloys was the codename for the British atomic research during the war. If more or less fizzled out in mid 1943 and was merged with the Manhattan Project in late 1943 – a small number of British scientists moved to Los Alamos, or Berkley.

    in reply to: Lancaster bomb shackles etc in B29's… #1150826
    Mondariz
    Participant

    I was refering to the *British* hungarians etc, as opposed to the Americans Hungarians 😉

    Anywho, read the book:
    http://www.amazon.com/Making-Atomic-Bomb-Richard-Rhodes/dp/0684813785

    I have read plenty of books about the Manhattan Project, but i might give that one a try too 😀

    Anyway, your original post seemed to suggest, that British involvement would have produced the bomb quicker. This is really not so. Compared to the American project, the Tube Alloys project was a mere middle school science project.

    But it’s certainly is an absolute bloody wonder, that they managed to produce a weapon just 7 years after nuclear fission was discovered. By the way, did you realize that only 600 mg of material was converted into energy in the Hiroshima explosion? Sort of gives an idea of the force they released.

    in reply to: Atmosphere #1151400
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Not my picture, but full of Atmosphere nevertheless.

    Formation of B-25 from 447th Squadron of the 321st Bombardment Group passing Vesuvuis in march 1944

    http://www.warwingsart.com/12thAirForce/Vesuvius321stCassino1.jpg

    in reply to: Lancaster bomb shackles etc in B29's… #1151610
    Mondariz
    Participant

    The point is, when they started developing the bomb they didn’t have anything to deliver it with. The 29 was still undergoing testing, wasn’t in action yet & the standard bomb bay wasn’t big enough anyway.

    & don’t forget that most of the work brains behind the bomb were a bunch of Hungarians… From reading the book it’s an absolute bloody wonder they managed to do it when they did. There’s one case of some bloke putting a report away in his desk instead of passing it up the line & that alone caused a 3 month delay. Also looks like they might have had the bomb at least a year earlier if they’d listened to the Brits.

    There is a lot of myth here.

    I fail to see where listening to the British, would have produced a bomb as much as a year before. The British did indeed approach the American government in august 1941 (the MAUD committee), but at this stage America was still not at war and in 1941 a peace budget did not allow for exotic weapons development programs – in particular when nobody knew if the weapon was going to work.

    It was this MAUD rapport that was hidden away, but it contained no body of scientific work and was more of a political suggestion to build the atomic bomb (it did not address the design or manufacture of a bomb in any detail). An estimate of the MAUD rapports connection to the reality of developing an atomic bomb can be judged by its 25 million dollars price tag – the Americans eventually spend 2 billion dollars on the Manhattan Project.

    Although the MAUD committee’s representatives helped convince the American scientific community as a whole, that such a weapon might indeed be possible. The actual rapport would not have shortened the development process by even a day and was actually not an invitation to further joint development – as has often been suggested.

    Actually it was the British who declined full cooperate in atomic weapon development, when George Braxton Pegram visited the UK in November 1941. Not until the Quebec Agreement in august 1943, did the two countries cooperate fully in the development work. However, at this stage the British did not poses any significant scientific advantage and the exchange was mostly one-way – from America to Britain.

    The relatively long development time was not due to lack of scientific understanding, but due to the construction of the infrastructure needed to produce enriched uranium and plutonium for the weapons (and naturally also the actual production of weapon quality materials). It’s quite clear that no rapport could have helped shorten this physical hurdle. The bomb was actually developed exceedingly fast exactly because it was an American project. No other nation could have succeeded in this during the war – not even Germany.

    It’s true than Hungarians participated in the Manhattan Project, but to say it was mostly Hungarians is taking away credit from the American scientific community – the core was mostly American born, including such distinguish scientists as Robert Oppenheimer, Glenn Theodore Seaborg, Robert Serber and Richard Chace Tolman. If any foreign scientist deserves extra credit, it’s the Italian Enrico Fermi. However, there were scientists from nearly every European country – also notably the warmongering Edward Teller from Hungary, who in time was behind the Hydrogen bomb and an active promoter of its use.

    in reply to: Lancaster bomb shackles etc in B29's… #1151757
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Well the book does mention Lancs being offered for the job, but national pride & the new B29 put the kybosh on that 🙂

    It’s highly unlikely. The Lancaster might have been offered initially (august 1941 in connection with the MAUD Committee) , but not in direct connection with the Manhattan Project, as very few people outside Los Alamos knew the dimensions of the device – early British estimation for critical mass was measured in ton.

    The Manhattan Project was highly secret and besides Churchill very few British would have known about it – certainly very few who were in a position to offer a Lancaster. That said, the americans might naturally have considered various heavy bombers before settling on the B-29, but it would have been an american consideration, not have been a British offer.

    in reply to: Two Interesting Stories from History #1156466
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Nice story, thanks.

    in reply to: To which nation did the first Spitfire over Berlin belong? #1090936
    Mondariz
    Participant

    I sourced Eyes of the Eighth which tells us that 6th March 1944 was the first time that a USAAF Spitfire completed a recon sortie over Berlin. The mission was originally scheduled for 4th March but delayed by poor weather. Capt. Walter Weitner flew Spitfire PA892 and some of his post-strike photos are published in this book.

    Many Americans served in RAF and RCAF squadrons, so it is possible that Weitner was not the first Yankee to fly a Spitfire over Berlin.

    Can you imagine the tension of flying alone deep within enemy territory (to their actual lair)? Granted the danger might not compare with the bombers, but at least they had the feeling of the relative safety in numbers.

    in reply to: A Battle of Britain film question #1091731
    Mondariz
    Participant

    I doubt it very much. BoB was not a historical documentary, but a theater production of the legend of 1940. Introducing Italian aircraft would only have confused the audience, as they are not traditionally part of the BoB legend.

    in reply to: To which nation did the first Spitfire over Berlin belong? #1096718
    Mondariz
    Participant

    My understanding is that German bombs missed their industrial targets and fell in error on civilian areas of East London, which gave Churchill his raison d’etre to strike the German capital. At that time – mid-1940 – Hitler had no desire to bomb UK cities did he? He intended to invade and capture with as little damage as possible to industrial and civilian infrastructure.

    Yes, that’s about how I have learned the story. Germany was bombing British military installations at the time, perhaps some missed their targets and started the mutual civilian bombing campaign. The original intent was to prepare for an invasion and bombing cities did not further this effort – military targets were of far higher value, in particular air fields.

    After the Berlin raid, Hitler forced Luftwaffe to switch targets, which gave RAF a breather regarding maintaining operations on their southern air fields and thus a better ability to defend Britain.

    As I read history, the switch from military targets to civilian targets, was quite important to the result of the Battle of Britain.

    in reply to: Complete Stirling in Russia? #1097268
    Mondariz
    Participant

    IMHO The tundra has yet to give up its last secrets, although a Stirling might be stretching the imagination a bit.

    in reply to: To which nation did the first Spitfire over Berlin belong? #1097274
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Did we not bomb Berlin August 1940 in retaliation when they bombed London?

    It was the other way around.

    in reply to: To which nation did the first Spitfire over Berlin belong? #1097435
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Not sure who was first, but here is a picture from 1944.

    Original caption: Berlin-Tempelhof Airfield 26th June 1944. Taken from 29,000 feet by a Spitfire PR XI of 14 Squadron, 7th Photographic Reconnaissance Group
    flown by Lt Gerald M Adams USAAF.

    http://www.airrecce.co.uk/WW2/imagery/BAGraphics/Tempelhof/images/Tempelhof_main1.jpg

    in reply to: Duxford Visit – 22Oct10 #1098454
    Mondariz
    Participant

    Nice pictures Brian and fortunatly not marred by low resolution and watermarks ect. Thanks!

Viewing 15 posts - 106 through 120 (of 1,411 total)