Exactly… carrying an external tank once empty imposes drag on an aircraft. Depending on the ratio of the aircraft’s internal fuel to that in the tanks carrying external tanks can add negligible additional range, or in some extreme cases decrease range. (which makes perfect sense if you take a moment to think through the problem, which naturally isn’t on the agenda of the F-35’s various hysterical critics who would much rather invent scenarios where the F-35 suffers from mysterious aerodynamic issues that prevent it from benefiting from external fuel…)
Increasing the size of the drop tanks would result in a more substantial range increase for the F-35. (which is doubtless what Israel has in mind in pursuing 600 gallon external tanks for the F-35)
Since some seem to continue to struggle with the conceptual thinking involved here…
We are talking about scenarios where a jet retains its drop tanks throughout the flight. (as would certainly be the case on any surveillance mission)
Imagine a 300 gallon drop tank on a 747 airliner. The tank would be empty before the 747 reached its cruising altitude, but would continue to contribute drag throughout the flight of the aircraft. (thousands of miles) In the end this tank would end up reducing the 747’s range even while increasing its fuel load.
Obviously that example is far more extreme than anything we are talking about, but it serves to illustrate the point.
The F-35 has a large internal fuel capacity relative to most other fighters and therefor would not derive as much benefit from smaller external tanks. (which again, is why Israel is developing larger tanks)
There is nothing mysterious going on here.
The F-35A only gets an extra ~30% fuel from 2x EFTs. Once empty, it then has to deal with the additional drag while it burns the remaining 18,400lbs. The additional drag is almost enough to overcome the small increase in fuel.
For an extreme example, lets pretend a super hornet had 21,760lb internal fuel so that 2x 480gal tanks with a combined 6,528lb capacity would add exactly 30%.
…
Exactly… carrying an external tank once empty imposes drag on an aircraft. Depending on the ratio of the aircraft’s internal fuel to that in the tanks carrying external tanks can add negligible additional range, or in some extreme cases decrease range. (which makes perfect sense if you take a moment to think through the problem, which naturally isn’t on the agenda of the F-35’s various hysterical critics who would much rather invent scenarios where the F-35 suffers from mysterious aerodynamic issues that prevent it from benefiting from external fuel…)
Increasing the size of the drop tanks would result in a more substantial range increase for the F-35. (which is doubtless what Israel has in mind in pursuing 600 gallon external tanks for the F-35)
I see your “6” and raise you 10 GBU-12s (or 1000lb versions thereof)
or
8 GBU-12s and 8 SDB/Spears
The F-35 really does have an impressive carrying capacity.
Hopsy, dont talk about “lets check reality” and post pictures of models and CGI. Its very cute. I stated clearly that I ignored twin pylons. Rafale has no problem incorporating it. In real life, not only CGI. Here is triple pylons for guided AGM.
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Or this one
[ATTACH=CONFIG]226046[/ATTACH]These are actual flights. When will the F35 fly with full load?
On the Rafale C you could swap centerline tank for 2 AAM.
This is what it can fly with in reality.
The Rafale first flew in 1986. :stupid: Of course it has flown in more configurations than the F-35.
That doesn’t change the reality of what each aircraft will be capable of carrying when operational.
Triple pylons for AASM, nice, but nothing amazing. The F-35 will be able to carry SDB or Spear on quadruple launchers, internal or external. (meaning 6 sets of four, plus 18,000lbs of fuel, 4 AAM, and a targeting pod)
That is 6 vs 24. :eagerness:
So what is your point anyway? That a Rafale can carry 6 AASM plus a large fuel load? An F-35 can do the same thing with 2,000 bombs. Note that this is not a CGI:
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Or 6 GBU-12 (Not CGI):
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Facts are facts. The F-35 has a substantially greater useful carrying capacity than a Rafale. There is no use in further humiliating yourself on this one.
But if needed one could compare CGI to CGI. How about this one?
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What do you estimate will fit in the boxes?Can you explain it with the very drunk and stupid smileys you always use? Oh, and keep up the insults. Its very professional of you.
Given then load limits on the Rafale’s weapon stations, not all that much could be in those boxes. :very_drunk:
Try to think, seriously.
The limiting factor for the Rafale is that it only has 5 stations that are rated to carry a heavy weapon and it needs to devote one or more of those to fuel. Even with conformal fuel tanks the Rafale would need to devote one or two stations to fuel to come close to the F-35’s fuel load… leaving it with only 3-4 stations with enough capacity to carry an air to great weapon. The F-35 has six.
Getting it yet?
But the Rafale has more payload capacity. You just resort to calling ppl simpletons because they argue that 10 pylons is less than 14, or that 8,1 tonnes is less than 9,5 tonnes. If you have such a unique interpretation on the order of numbers.. how can I explain to you that 14 is more than 10?
I explained where you went wrong in my original post. Sometimes the real world isn’t as simple as X > Y. The Rafale relies on external fuel to achieve a useful range with any meaningful load. The F-35 does not. The Rafale needs a external targeting pod for most strike missions, the F-35 does not.
In the real world the F-35 has a substantial carrying advantage over the Rafale, not the other way around.
Just as an example, the Rafale can carry AA missiles on *drums* 10 pylons (twin pylons not included here). And it will still have 4 pylons for AG munitions. That is exactly 40% more weapons in an airframe weighing 29% less.
Please try to be serious for a moment at least. We are talking about the real world. An F-35 can carry 14 AAM in a hypothetical max load scenario with AMRAAM and AIM-9x (which would rise to 16 with 6 internal AMRAAMs) :
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Or it could carry 12 internal with Cuda:
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(plus another who knows how many external… at least another 10 assuming AMRAAM and AIM-9x, but more likely another 18, 4/heavy pylon, 1 per AIM-9x pylon, … giving 30 total)
Who cares?
You are never going to fly an F-35 or a Rafale with 14, 16, or 30 AAM. These types of comparisons might be interesting to fan kiddies on the internet, but they don’t have anything to do with real world operations.
The Rafale also has higher MTOW/Empty weight ratio with the C at 2,58:1, Rafale B at 2,51:1 and the F35A at 2,39:1. FYI, 2,51 is larger than 2,39. At least according to wiki.
Maximum weight to empty weight ratio? Who cares? The F-35 carries its fuel internally while the Rafale needs tanks, which consume both its available hardpoints and its available external carriage weight. An “empty” F-35 has a targeting pod, and a huge fuel capacity. That makes it a heavier aircraft in a comparison of empty weights, but offers huge advantages as a striker.
Honestly your whole post is a classic example of why google/wikipedia is not a substitute for real understanding. Kiddies think they can go grab a few number off the first webpage they find and that they therefor understand a problem.
In the real world the F-35 can fly with 6 x 2,000 lb bombs (or 6 JSOW, or 24 SDB, or 6 JSM), plus a targeting pod, plus 4 AAM, plus 18,000lbs of fuel. A Rafale can’t get off the ground with a load even close to that.
People on this board spend a lot of time whining that the F-35 is a strike optimized design, but when you start comparing it as a striker… watch out. There really isn’t any comparison between the F-35 and the Eurocanards as a strike platform.
I did not forget drag, i mentioned it. And i doubt a 2 tons heavier F35 will react like without. Weight means lift aka drag. And initial formula of F35 is draggier than so called “4th gen”.
You may not have left it out, but you clearly don’t fully appreciate it. External carriage is extremely inefficient. As posted earlier in this thread the rough rule of thumb is that 50% of the fuel in a drop tank goes to extending range, while the other 50% is lost to the tank’s extra drag… and that is in a more or less pure cruise scenario. (and without adding the penalty the bombs themselves will impose)
When you start talking about combat performance (acceleration, speed, sustained turn performance) the impact is huge.
The outstanding handling, acceleration, and the maximum speed of the aircraft is useable in a combat configuration unlike in legacy fighters. Beesley said that recently he flew an F-35 test flight with a full internal load of two 2000 lbs JDAMs, and two AIM-120 missiles. The aircraft “felt like it had a few thousand pounds of extra fuel” but otherwise Beesley said there was practically no degradation in the aircrafts’ performance.
http://www.livescience.com/3032-fighter-jet-controversial-future-fleet.html
I still agree there would be more drag on Rafale, but clean differences are so huge that i’m not sure in this very config F35 will have superior kinematics.
Not a chance, none. You are trying to compare a nearly ideal loadout for the F-35. That is almost -exactly- the load the entire aircraft was designed around. The only way to make it even more favorable for the F-35 would be to require a targeting pod and a couple missiles.
at hops : (from AWST ref i gave you)
with a clean Rafale, using afterburner, you can enter a turn at 500 kt. and 10,000 ft., pull the maximum 9g and still accelerate
about the sustained G you were right, not exactly sustaine and in full AB (i tend to foget the exact content of 14 years old article) but… I doubt in a similar configuration (which F35 cant reach anyway as far as talking about fuel fraction) F35 can do that
Frankly you don’t have any clue what the F-35 can do. You didn’t even read the original article correctly.
All your article is saying is that a totally clean Rafale can sustain a 9g+ turn at 10,000 and 500kt. (meaning it was accelerating while pulling 9gs under those conditions) That is impressive, but we don’t have a basis for comparison with the F-35 in any case, especially not with a useful load.
For the next maneuver, I selected afterburner, banked some 75 deg. and pulled to the maximum allowable gs of 5.5, in the heavy configuration. Starting at 420 kt., the speed was 330 kt. after completing a 360-deg. turn.
Again from DAvid M North flight test.
Yes, that shows that the Rafale was not able to sustain 5.5gs under those conditions. (and was thus losing speed)
These types of anecdotes seem to be very impressive to you but I am really not sure what the point of posting them. They aren’t by themselves all that notewothy.
Here are the operational issues:
1. Operation Odyssey Dawn- 80% of refueling provided by U.S. Aircraft, strikers such as the Rafale operating from Corsica (excluding those of CdG) had to refuel in air. Rafales operated with 3 2,000 litre tanks. That has a direct impact on ordinance carried, etc.2. As EE lightning pointed out, Mirage 2000’s had emergency landings due to fuel. http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2011-04-21/news/two-french-mirages-make-emergency-landing-291087/
3. During the Gulf war, there were several occasions when F-15, F-16’s dropped their fuel tanks when engaged, or thinking they were engaged. In several of these cases, the fighters barely made it back to the tankers (fuel at combat speeds, throttle settings is expended in minutes). Even worse, every emergency refueling has a domino effect on tanker scheduling.
USAF believes that the penalty for larger fuel fraction is well worth it, one of the reasons that CFT’s are becoming so popular. They may affect drag, and increase weight (negative effect on agility, accel, turn perf), but EFTs are far worse from a drag perspective, and dropping them creates a cascade of issues. (besides the tanker, logistics, think civilian casualties, environmental concerns- sound stupid but these do come into play)
If a specific high-priority mission required fighters to drop their tanks then of course they would do so, but the days of dropping tanks as a routine park of mission planning are long gone.
Most 4th generation fighters, even when flying air to air missions, work from the assumption that they will be carrying at least one drop tank the entire mission. (The IRST mounted in the Super Hornet’s centerline tank is a perfect example of this.)
In a true emergency the tank could be released, but that is the only time it would be released.
Only F35 pilots can use tactics to their advantage. Didnt you know that?
I see you are back… are you ready to retract your erroneous claims about the Rafale’s carrying capacity relative to the F-35?
Oh wait, I just remembered that you are immune to education and will instead just cook up a new argument when proven wrong. :eagerness:
we’re lucky to have you around here hopsalot… when I think about all those guys who complicate their lives with stuff like air refueling, AWACS, pilot training, combat tactics learning…
they should all engage you to get easy and simple lives… shouldn’t they? 😀
Was there a point to your post? Perhaps that was the part you forgot to type?
The facts are simple, whether a fighter is returning to base or a tanker it needs to retain enough fuel to make the trip. If a fighter drops its tanks then its fuel capacity, and possibly its fuel load, has been sharply reduced. This has implications for endurance in combat.
So yes, there are obviously some advantages to relying on external tanks, but it is equally obvious that future aircraft are being designed to minimize their reliance on external tanks.
Well you brought up Libya so i respond how many DT was dropped ( 0 )
It does not matter at what time any encounter will come, most fuel is internal,
there will always be fuel to go back assuming fuel in DT are being used first, and it is.
Again, it isn’t simply a question of “fuel to get back.” It is a question of whether the aircraft has any endurance in combat once it drops its tanks.
If an aircraft drops all of its external fuel at the first sign of the enemy then every drop of fuel for both combat and its return trip home needs to come from its internal tanks.
If the trip home is long, then endurance in combat will be shortened.
Simple really, if you think about it. :stupid:
So you know that the attacker will encounter a threat only after it uses up it’s external fuel? Seems a bit precise.
Actually, in the past he has always sought to compare the F-35 to 4th generation fighters at 50% fuel… so not only would the 4th generation plane have burned off the fuel in its external tanks it would have burned off 50% of its internal fuel as well. :eagerness:
A more likely scenario is one where the F-35 would be at 50-75% internal fuel load (because it burned off some in transit) and the 4th generation fighter would be at or near 100%. (meaning it dropped tanks that still retained fuel)
I think you totally misunderstand things here @FBW
In Libya, not a single a/c was shot at, and as such not a single drop tank would have been dropped -there was no need to dodge.
Secondly fuel is drawn from a drop tank before internal tank, so there is no problem in landing in the nation you took off from,
rather the other way around with the now light load.
As usual, FBW is correct.
It is possible to load a 4th generation fighter with a large fuel load via external tanks, but if that aircraft wishes to return home it must retain sufficient fuel to make that return flight. If it flies out XXX miles, and then drops its tanks because it anticipates combat, its endurance in combat is limited by the amount of fuel it needs to retain in order to return home.
So sure, you could put 3-5 huge tanks on your 4th generation plane of choice, and naturally drop them at the first sign of a threat… but if you are a long way from home you just lost any endurance you might have had.
That is why Russia designed the Su-27 with the huge internal fuel capacity that it has. Their calculations/assumptions indicated that carrying the fuel internally and avoiding drop-tanks was the better solution.
With 5th generation fighters the debate has ended and all aircraft will typically operate without external tanks.
Without tank bombs theres no question.
As usual, without any sources or evidence… :rolleyes:
Well… Not counting weapons…
F35A : 13300 Kgs + 8280 Kgs (fuel) five a fuel fraction of 0,37 no?
Rafale C 9500 kgs + 4800 Kgs fuel fraction 0.34 (internal fuel)
Add one supersonic tank, and Rafale fuel fraction get better than clean F35 (0.41) i didnt count the tank weight i agree.
That’s without weapon.
Now lets add 2000 kgs of bombs (for the sake of simplicity) fuel fraction 0.34 for F35 similar for Rafale.Yes, there will be induced drag from the two bombs and the supersonic tank one should take into account.
However, Noone here counted the proposed add of CFTs on Rafale.So which will have the best kinematics between clean F35 and Rafale + 2x1000L bombs + 1 centerline supersonic tank?
You are forgetting drag. A Rafale with two 1,000kg bombs and a fuel tank hanging out in the wind isn’t going to be able to come close to the performance or efficiency of an F-35 with an all internal load.
Testimony from pilots that have flown the F-35 have already confirmed that even with a full internal load it flies almost identically to a clean F-35.
In general when comparing the F-35 to 4th generation aircraft the F-35 will look the worst when the aircraft are compared absolutely clean, and will look its best when the F-35 is carrying its maximum internal load. (and so your comparison comes close to that optimal scenario for the F-35)
This AF hardly can beat RUaF; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force
They are out-gunned to be sure, but they will have my respect if they do what they can.
That said, loaded for bear…
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Supposedly this picture was taken Saturday.
https://twitter.com/Missilito/status/440087477244944384/photo/1